KAWIA SX-240 user manual
Contents
1. 8 VOICE PROGRAMMABLE POLYPHONIC PORTAMENTO UPPER KEYBOARD 61 KEYS SPEED KEYBOARD ASSIGN NORMAL HOLD E SPLIT OCT UP LOWER DUAL HOLD 2 a SPLIT ASSIGN SPLIT 6 2 MEMORY 48 TONE MEMORIES SPLIT 44 8 SEQ MEMORIES SPLIT 2 6 MEMORY WRITE MEMORY EXCHANGE GENERATOR MEMORY PROTECT SEQUENCER BEAT SUB OSC START STOP TL BREAK COARSE REPEAT INE OFFSET TAPE ANGE RANG INTERFACE LFO SEO LOAD AUTO BEND VERIEY md wat cu BENDER CONTROLLER MASTER VOLUME XE E LOWER VOLUME VCF CUT OFF RESONANCE TUNE EG MODULATION BENDER KCV LFO DISABLE START LFO RELEASE BENDER PROGRAM UP SEQ START STOP DECAY INCREMENT FAST VIEW SUSTAIN RELEASE UPPER LOWER SE LEC IDENTIFIER 8 CHARACTER UPPER LOWER LFO REAR PANEL MIDI THRU PROGRAM UP CLOCK TIN OUT TAPE FROM WAVE FORM TO SIGNAL OUT PHONES P E LEFT EIGHT LEVEL SELECT VOLTAGE amp USA CAN FRANCE EUROPE KWAIT FAR EAST etc FREQUENCY 117V 220 V 220 240 V 110 240V 110 220V 50 60 Hz POWER CONSUMPTION 38W DIMENSION amp WEIGHT 886 W 380 D 130 H 12 9 kg ade 91195562 UO 1015 y JOU 51 SIUL OdNVSSIT9 ae EES2. EEE EEE 7 f ym ops 77 4 noone i r1 Anm 10000000 2124 OUNvSSIY Hos 129 WA 0 2 XS H3ZIS3H1NAS 1 DINOHdATIOd SvWAVUDOus f JDION B Sa ee INCL 8 gt 2 62 6 Ww 00 9 0 9 00 QO 2 BASIC OPERATION This Chapter explains the basic operation of your new synthesizer NOTE the following explanation the symbols 43 and appearing in parameter descriptions will stand for the numerical values of these parameters 2 1 Setting Up Connect the SX 240 following the procedure given in the preceding Chapter Turn on the power If the instrument is functioning properly the LEDs and 1 in the BANK TONE MEMORY section will light up while the IDENTIFIER section displays the word UPPER and the name as signed to the A 1 tone Press the SPLIT key to divide the keyboard into two sec tions The upper three octaves the upper keyboard will then use the A 1 tone the lower two the lower keyboard B 1 Press a key on the upper keyboard and adjust the output level with the VOLUME slider Press a key on the lower keyboard and adjust the output balance with the LOWER slider Your SX 240 synthesizer co
3. CUTOFF Resonance VCF EG LFO modulation LFO F LFO This parameter regulates the amount by which the LFO output modulates the VCF output Bender TN BENDER F BEND This parameter determines the range for the manual bender 5 3 Voltage Controlled Filter Envelope Genera tor VCF EG This circuit generates the envelopes which drive the vol tage controlled filter A new envelope is generated each time a key is pressed The envelope is built up using four parameters Attack time ATTACK F ATAK Decay time DECAY F DCAY Sustain level SUSTAIN F SUST Release time RELEASE F RLS Attack time the time taken for the envelope level to rise from the minimum to the maximum Decay time the time taken for the envelope level to drop from the maximum to the sustain level Sustain level the envelope level for the rest of the time that the key is pressed Release time the time taken for the envelope level to drop back to zero after the key is released NOTE The release time parameter is ignored when the sustain level is 0 Sustain level Envelope level 1 Time Attack time Decay time Release time OFF 5 4 Voltage Controlled Amplifier VCA The VCA is an amplifier which adjusts the output level in response to an input voltage to produce a tone which varies in volume over its duration
4. Your X 240 synthesizer allows you to use the 5 octave keyboard in three different modes 2 3 1 NORMAL If both LEDs in the SPLIT and DUAL keys are out the instrument is in the NORMAL mode a single tone governs the output from all keys on the keyboard in this case the word UPPER will appear in the IDENTIFIER section 2 3 2 SPLIT Pressing the SPLIT button divides the keyboard in two a three octave upper keyboard and a two octave lower keyboard each governed by a separate preprogrammed tone Pressing it a second time cancels the division re turning the keyboard to the NORMAL mode 2 3 3 DUAL Pressing the DUAL button does not split the keyboard it permits the simultaneous use of two preprogrammed tones but only for up to four notes at a time Pressing it a second time returns the keyboard to the NORMAL mode 2 3 4 SPLIT ASSIGN SPLIT mode only This parameter controls the distribution of the eight digitally controlled oscillators DCOs available between the two halves of the keyboard Shifting the cursor until the SPLIT ASSIGN LED lights summons one of three displays to the IDENTIFIER section SPLIT 2 6 SPLIT 4 4 SPLIT 6 2 where the first number gives the number of DCOs assigned to the lower keyboard the second that assigned to the upper keyboard To change the distribution rotate the INCREMENT knob 2 4 PORTAMENTO and GLISSANDO These two effects available only for the upper mode operation join s
5. Addi Shifting the cursor to the TEMPO parameter summons a message of the form TEMPO to the IDENTIFIER display Turn the INCREMENT knob to adjust the value NOTE Turning the knob fully counterclockwise changes the message to EX TEMPO This message indicates that the sequencer will synchronize the recording with an external clock signal 3 3 83 CLOCK IN OUT Connecting the CLOCK OUT terminal of a rhythm ma chine or similar device to the synthesizer s CLOCK IN jack allows you to synchronize recording and playback with an external rhythm Shift the cursor to the TEMPO parameter and turn the INCREMENT knob counterclockwise until the IDENTI FIER display reads EX TEMPO the abbreviation for external clock tempo Connecting the two devices the opposite way around from the SX 240 CLOCK OUT to the rhythm machine CLOCK IN allows you to synchronize the rhythm machine with your synthesizer 10 11 4 PROGRAMMING in demonstrating the basic operating procedures we used the preprogrammed tones already in the SX 240 memory when it was shipped from the factory Eventually you will want to program your own Before you can do that however you must become thoroughly familiar with the parameters and their effects full discussion of which is contained in the next Chapter Since creating a new tone from scratch can be quite a long and difficult process this Chapter starts with a dis cussion of the synthesizer
6. EG modulation v This parameter controls the amount by which the enve lope generator VCA EG modulates the VCA output LFO modulation LFO FOLFO This parameter controis the amount by which the low frequency oscillator LFO modulates the VCF output VCA EG 5 5 Voltage Controlled Amplifier Envelope Generator VCA EG This circuit generates the envelopes which drive the vol tage controlled amplifier A new envelope is generated each time a key is MI A ATAK A DCAY A SUST A RLS ATTACK DECAY SUSTAIN RELEASE Attack time Decay time Sustain level Release time The envelope is built up using the same four parameters used by the VCA EG see Section 5 3 5 6 LFO Trigger When activated the LFO synchronizes the envelope generator with low frequency oscillator to produce an intermittent sound such as the one coming from a mando lin LFO trigger Bi LFO TRIG L TRG OF L TRG ON 5 7 High Pass Filter HPF The high pass filter is the opposite of the cutoff filter it eliminates the lower frequencies to produce a more brittle sound High pass hier wer Tee The parameter determines the cutoff frequency ENSEM When activated this function adds chorusing to the out put an effect which is even more pronounced when stereo reproduction is being used 5 8 Ensemble Ensemble ENSEM OF
7. Pressing the DISABLE button stops the modulation A second stroke on the button restores it The LFO START button restores modulation as long as you continue to press it The LFO START button only functions when DISABLE is used Co Cy Cy DUAL OCT uP HOLO HOLD PORTA GLISSANDO 2 9 BENDER The BENDER shifts the pitch of the digitally controlled oscillator DCO and voltage controlled filter VCF outputs It only operates however when the width of the pitch shift has been specified through the BENDER parameters in the tone generator TG and VCF blocks To change the specified value shift the cursor until the parameter appears in the IDENTIFIER section 0 BEND DCO BENDER F BEND VCF BENDER NOTE These two functions cannot be used on both halves of SPLIT keyboard simultaneously they apply only to the half whose name appears in the IDENTIFIER section 2 8 START OISABLE 2 9 BENDER 2 10 RELEASE A foot switch attached to the RELEASE jack produces the same effect as the sustain pedal on a piano a sustain effect that continues after the key is released 1928955599 2222 ES ESSE XE 517757 T 10000008 000000 x SX248 7 27 3 SEQUENCER OPERATION The sequencer in your SX 240 synthesizer allows you to record a sequence of notes play it back and add further accompaniment In
8. The bender amount can be programmed differently for each tone program The synthesizer provides PORTAMENTO and GLISSANDO effects which can be easily added and or KEY TO DIAGRAM VOLUME slider removed at any time The foot switch allows the player to switch pro grammed tones without removing his hands from the key board 1 4 Built In Sequencer 1 The built in realtime sequencer is capable of recording up to approximately 1500 notes of an actual perfor mance Both recording and playback may be synchronized with an external clock signal or drum machine The SX 240 clock setting is 24 pulses per quarter note 5 Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIDI Three MIDI terminals IN OUT and THRU are provided The SX 240 MIDI can transmit and receive keyboard bender program select and release signals it transmits only on MIDI Channel 1 but receives data on all 16 MIDI channels 1 6 Memory Capacity The SX 240 is capable of storing 48 Tone Programs in six banks A through F of eight patches each as well as eight sets of sequencer data for a total of 1500 notes The synthesizer s edit and exchange functions simplify the tasks of creating new complex tones and rearrang ing previously recorded ones 1 7 Tape Interface a Upper keyboard functions HOLD PORTAMENTO GLISSANDO Programmed tones and sets of sequencer data can be transferred from the memory to tape to form a p
9. 1 Shifting the cursor to N a digital parameter tells you whether the sawtooth waveform generator is ON or OFF SAW ON lt gt SAW OFF Rotating the INCREMENT knob clockwise the generator ON rotating it counterclockwise OFF 2 Shifting the cursor to 1 a selective parameter tells you if the pulse waveform generator is on and if so what type of pulse it is generating PULSE OFF lt gt PULS PW lt gt PULS PWM If the pulse generator is OFF rotating the INCRE MENT knob clockwise turns it ON Rotating it even further changes to pulse width modulation 4 3 3 Brilliance Since this parameter is variable shifting the cursor to VCF CUTOFF produces a display of the form CUTOFF where denotes a two digit numerical value Rotating the INCREMENT knob clockwise in creases the value and adds brilliance counterclockwise rotation produces the opposite effect Playing a note while turning the knob makes this adjustment easier 434 ATTACK Shifting the cursor to the ATTACK parameter in the VCA EG section yields a numerical display of the form HHLA ATAK The smaller the value the shorter the attack time Rotating the INCREMENT knob clockwise raises the number and increases the attack time 4 4 Storing Programmed Tones Once you have creasted a tone that you would like to safe for instant recall at a later date you may store it the synthesizer s memory NOTE Sotring a programmed tone aut
10. SEQ button and then the SEQ MEMORY 2 button The LED will start flashing 8 Press the LINK or MEMORY WRITE button turning off the LED The above is all that is required to stored the linked sequence To play it back 9 Press the LINK button lighting the LED The IDEN TIFIER section wil display the name of the stored sequence The LED of the last linked sequence will light 10 Press the ST SP button to initiate the playback of the specified sequences in the specified order NOTE If desired the REPEAT BREAK and OFFSET functions just described may added as well Sequence stored in memory Press the OFFSET and REPEAT buttons OFFSET LINK SEQ star WEAK REPEAT STOP 3 3 Storing Sequences The sequencer in your SX 240 faithfully records all notes played anywhere on the keyboard NOTE Storing a new sequence automatically destroyes the old memory contents You might therefore wish to save them on tape first See 7 1 Saving 3 3 1 General Procedure 1 Select a beat pattern 2 Adjust the TEMPO 3 Shift the MEMORY PROTECT switch to the RE LEASE position lighting the LED 4 Press the MEMORY WRITE button lighting the LED 5 Choose a name for the stored sequence if desired The IDENTIFIER section will display the prompt NAME Using the procedure outlined in Section 4 5 enter a name made up of the letters numbers and symbols appearing above the key
11. and OCO 2 outputs to produce a new tone source which then may be adjusted with the COARSE parameter This is sometimes referred to as a ring modulation effect Noise level V noise LeveL LEVEL NOISE 7 This parameter controls the amount of noise added to the tone 16 FEET 8 FEET 4 FEET Pitch range S RANGE The SX 240 offers a choice of three pitch ranges which together cover most of the piano s range Parameter Type Name on Name on description D S V panel FIER screen 5 1 Tone Generator TG This block controls the output from the tone generator the source of all sound produced by the SX 240 DOIN SAW OF SAW ON DCO 1 sawtooth The most frequently used waveform the sawtooth wave contains the fundamental frequency and all its overtones it is used for simulating strings and brass instruments for example DCO 1 pulse wave S 3 PULS OFF form PULSE PW PULSE PWM LFO modulation Iv LFO 0 LFO Pulse width Pulse width modulation PW PWM PW PWM The width chosen for the pulse waveform has a great influence on the distribution of the overtones Pulse width This parameter controls the amount by which the low frequency oscillator LFO output modulates that from the digitally controlled oscillators DCOs This function produces a frequency that varies cyclically Automatic bender V AUTO BEND This pa
12. p A104 1 lt tt ALVIN WOOWHSUQN OLNAVLYOd ees ees AMNOWIN ONOW NOISSV AJAX 8 104 3 T8W3SN3 1505 JONVNOSAY 320 LAD 9 9 OLAV 55 ONI4ISIH sonitus NIAON 00 YOLVUANAD ANOL 1 5 ANNOS 19 m N N m AUTOBEND LEADLINE LEADMONO 48 1 0 18 18 36 N STEELDRM 17 58 PIANO 2 70 75 82 25 PIANO 1 c 62 54 71 WAH 70 e 88 N 57 CLAVINET RELEASE REVERSE DISABLE POLY 8 GENERATOR SOUND SAMPLE VCA VCA EG LFO TRIGGER POLY 4 MONO PORTAENTO GLISSANDO KYBD ASSIGN CHORD MEMORY This data is not the data stored on the cassette tape N e KAWAI Kawai Musical Instruments Manufacturing Co Ltd 200 Terajima cho Hamamatsu Japan Kawai America Corporation 24200 South Vermont Avenue Harbor City California 90710 PRINTED IN JAPAN 8411 D 502
13. 5 1 Tone Generator TG 13 5 2 Voltage Controlled Filter 14 5 3 Voltage Controlled Filter Envelope Generator VGE EG cv ic Agee 14 5 4 Voltage Controlled Amplifier 14 5 5 Voltage Controlled Amplifier Envelope Generator 14 56 LFOTriger 14 5 7 High Pass Filter 14 5 8 Ensemble 14 5 9 Low Frequency Oscilator LFO 15 5 10 Other Miscellaneous Parameters 15 6 MUSICAL INSTRUMENT DIGITAL INTERFACE MIDI 16 6 1 Connecting Terminals 16 6 2 LinkingTwoSX 240s 16 6 3 Linking Three SX 240s 16 6 4 Linking to Sequencers and Other Equipment 16 7 TAPE INTERFACE 18 Zl yd ka 18 L2 LOAD 2 18 Thank you for purchasing the KAWAI SX 240 8 VOICE PROGRAMMABLE POLYPHONIC SYNTHESIZER We are sure that it will give you many years of musical excite ment This Manual contains operating instructions for all fea tures and controls on your new synthesizer Thorough study of this Manual will better acquaint you with the instrument and enable you to derive the maximum benefit from its advanced features By way of introduc tion however we ask that you observe a few simple rules des
14. EMORY NOTE This feature enables you to assign the SX 240 s oscillators in the POLY 4 and MONO playing modes For POLY 8 the IDENTIFIER will always read CHORD OF Shift the cursor to the CHORD MEMORY parameter so that the IDENTIFIER section reads CHORD OF Rotate the INCREMENT knob clockwise until the display changes to CHORD ON indicating that the synthesizer is ready to assign the oscillators The lowermost is automatically included play the remaining components one key at a time When you reach the limit one interval for POLY 4 and seven for MONO the display will automatically rever to CHORD OF indicating that all oscillators have been assigned c a NEGLI J BEE EE 2 6 HOLD When activated the HOLD function will hold notes from the time they are released until others are selected There are separate HOLD functions for each half of the keyboard 2 7 OCTAVE UP Activating the OCT UP button pressing it so that its LED lights shifts the entire lower keyboard up one octave Pressing the button a second time deactivates it turning SPLIT DUAL OC uP HOLD GLISSANDO out the LED 2 8 LFO DISABLE START These two buttons temporarily cancel and restart LFO modulation if the voice program contains such modu lation
15. ENSEM ON 14 15 5 9 Low Frequency Oscillator LFO This low frequency oscillator is used to directly modulate the DCO VCF and VCA outputs and as a trigger for the envelope generator LFO Speed v speeo LFOsPD Delay v pEtAY DELAY Wave form S WAVE FORM LFO A AAA LFO TRI Reverse D REVERSE REVSE OF REVSE ON The output is built up from four parameters SPEED The output frequency 1 Hz 20 Hz DELAY Time interval between the pressing of the key and the start of the modulation WAVE FORM There are three waveforms available Square sawtooth and triangular REVERSE When activated this function inverts the shape of the output 5 10 Other Miscellaneous Parameters The remaining parameters have already been described in previous Chapters so they appear here only in tabular form KYBD ASSIGN MONO POLY4 POLY 8 CHORD OF CHORD ON Keyboard assignment CHORD MEMORY Chord memory PORTA Portamento Glis PORTA SPEED sando speed DCO split assign SPLIT ASSIGN SPLIT6 2 ment SPLIT44 SPLIT2 6 Sequencer beat BEAT 1 BEAT pattern BEAT 4 BEAT Recording and TEMPO amp 4 TEMPO playback tempo Tuning TUNE 44 TUNE 6 MUSICAL INSTRUMENT DIGITAL INTERFACE MIDI The Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIDI converts the electronic control signals required to operate an electronic instrument t
16. KAWAI SYNTHESIZER OWNER S MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 MAIN FEATURES 3 1 1 Programming capabilities 3 12 Ease 3 1 3 Playingthe Synthesizer 3 14 Built In Sequencer 3 1 5 Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIDI 3 16 Memory 3 17 Tape Interface 3 2 BASIC OPERATION 5 21 Setting Up so ee dur vp 5 22 Tones v s Eu et Lhe hie 5 2 3 Keyboard assignment 6 24 PORTAMENTO GLISSANDO 6 2 5 KYBD ASSIGN and CHORD MEMORY 7 26 HOLD sul ken AU 8 27 8 28 LFODISABLE START 8 2 9 BENDER 8 2 10 RELEASE Sd D reel er 8 3 SEQUENCER OPERATION 9 3 1 Playback ed we 9 3 2 Linked naaa aaa aaa aaa 9 3 3 Storing 10 4 11 41 11 42 Ending the Edit 11 43 Sample Editing Session 11 4 4 Storing Programmed Tones 12 45 AddingNames 12 4 6 MEMORY 12 47 Linking Tone 12 5 PARAMETERS 13
17. ONO mode KEYBOARD ASSIGN function Controls the number of DCOs assgined to each key played POLY 8 POLY 4 or MONO modes PORTAMENTO GLISSANDO speed Parameter block The LED currently lit indicates the para meter available for reprogramming Tone generator block LFO block VCF block LFO trigger VCA block Voltage Controlled Amplifier HPF High Pass Filter ENSEMBLE switch Stereo chorus Bender control LFO DISABLE START switches Temporarily suspend and initiate LFO modulation D Q8 9 Split keyboard indicator Letters numerals and symbols for form ing names TEMPO Recording and palyback speed for se BEAT Tming for sequencer recording Bank Tone memory selectors Storage capacity for up to 48 6 x 8 preprogrammed tones and 8 keyboard sequences available SAVE LOAD and VERIFY functions MEMORY PROTECT switch When activated this function blocks acci dental erasure MEMORY WRITE Stores data TAPE ENABLE Activates tape interface MEMORY EXCHANGE Changes memory locations TUNE When activated this function permits tuning with the INCREMENT knob SPACE Inserts space in name CLEAR Erases entire name BACK Backspace Erases preced ing letter T 100 1919 3441 200 ja o 0060 IVWMVM Ce CD Ge GE 29 9 06 62 0 62 62 62
18. SAVE SAVE is the word used to describe the process of trans ferring data from the SX 240 memory to cassette tape The SAVE procedure automatically saves both se quencer data and tone memory data Procedure 1 Connect your tape recorder to the jack labelled TAPE 2 Prepare your tape recorder for recording 3 Press the TAPE ENABLE button The LED in this button will light and so will all those in the BANK TONE MEMORY area 4 In response to the prompt NAME which appears in the IDENTIFIER section enter a file name of your choice up to 8 characters using the keys on the key board 5 If you wish to save all data proceed to step 6 If you wish to save only selected banks press the buttons corresponding to those banks of data which you DO NOT want to save turning off their LEDs Only the data corresponding to those remaining lit wil be saved 6 Start the tape recorder 7 Press the SAVE button Its LED will light and the IDENTIFIER display will change to SAVE 8 Wait When the synthesizer has finished saving the data it will deep and change the IDENTIFIER display to STOP 9 Rewind the tape and VERIFY the data using the procedure outlined in Section 7 3 7 2 LOAD LOAD is the word used to describe the process of transferring data from tape to the SX 240 Procedure 1 Connect your tape recorder to the jack labelled FROM TAPE 2 Prepare your tape recorder for playbac
19. ch time a new key is played To deactivate press the BREAK button a second time 3 1 3 REPEAT When activated by pressing the REPEAT button the REPEAT function continuously repeats the stored se quence until the REPEAT button is pressed a second time 3 1 4 OFFSET This feature available only in the SPLIT mode trans poses the stored sequence to match the lowest key played on the lower half of the keyboard To activate press the OFFSET button so that the LED lights To deactivate press the button a second time 3 2 Linked Playback The linking function of the sequencer permits you to free ly select from all the sequences stored in the eight memo ry locations and combine them in any order Demonstration Suppose ypu wanted to combine the sequences stored in memory locations 1 2 and 4 in the order 1 4 2 1 Shift the MEMORY PROTECT switch to the RE LEASE position lighting the LED 2 Press the MEMORY WRITE button lighting the LED 3 Choose a name for the linked sequence if desired The IDENTIFIER section will display the prompt NAME Using the procedure outlined in Section 4 5 enter a name made up of the letters numbers and symbols appearing above the keys on the key board 4 Press the LINK button lighting the LED 5 Press the SEQ button and then the SEQ MEMORY 1 button The LED will start flashing 6 Press the SEQ button and then the SEO MEMORY 4 button The LED will start flashing 7 Press the
20. dure let us link the upper data stored in Tone Memory A 2 with that for the lower keyboard stored in B 5 1 Recall the tone data in A 2 for the upper keyboard 2 Press the UPPER LOWER button to change to the lower keyboard Recall the data stored in B 5 3 Switch back to the upper keyboard and complete the operation programming After this procedure select ing A 2 for the upper keyboard also automatically recalis B 5 for the lower one You may of course recall other stored data for the lower keyboard at any time 12 13 5 TONE PARAMETERS 1 Each channel on the SX 240 combines four types of circuits so the parameters are arranged in four blocks TG Tone generator The source of the basic tone VCF Voltage controlled filter Determines the timbre VCA Voltage controlled amplifier Controls the volume LFO EG Low frequency oscillator amp Envelope generator Oscillators which modulate the output from the other three circuits 2 In the descriptions which follow the parameters are classified into three general types with different colors for their LEDs D Digital Green LED The parameter has only two values ON and OFF sometimes abbreviated as for example the sawtooth waveform generator S Selective Yellow LED The parameter offers a choice of three settings for example RANGE V Variable Red LED The parameter offers a choice of 100 setting
21. e as well NOTE The programmed tone stored in the Master s memory must set the BENDER parameter s for this to happen NOTE These three control links tone change bender and release can be cancelled When first applying the power hold down the F bank key to can cel the first the E bank key to cancel the second and the D bank key to cancel the third 6 3 Linking Three SX 240s 1 Join the MIDI OUT terminal of the Master to the MIDI IN terminal of the first Slave 2 Join the MIDI THRU terminal of the first Slave to the MIDI IN terminal of the second Slave 3 Set up all three synthesizers so that they are ready to play 4 Play something on the Master The Slaves will produce the same output 6 4 Linking to Sequencers and Other Equipment The SX 240 MIDI conforms to international standards so sequencers and equipment made by other manufacturers may be connected in the same fashion as in Sections 6 2 and 6 3 Unless a feature has been implemented on both sides however the corresponding signals will be simply ignored In particular only channel 1 is used Each tone has been assigned a number from 0 for 1 to 47 for F 8 ee 16 17 7 TAPE INTERFACE By attaching a tape recorder or similar device you can transfer the tone and sequence data stored in the SX 240 s memory to tape and thereby build up your own virtually unlimited stock of sounds 7 4
22. e right end of the keyboard are three sets of keys with special meanings SPACE Inserts space in name BACK Backspace Erases preceding letter for correc tion CLEAR Erases entire name for totally new name NOTE The tape interface also allows you to assign names to sets of data files stored on tape These names may then be used to specify specific files for the LOAD and VERIFY operations 4 6 MEMORY EXCHANGE The MEMORY EXCHANGE function allows you to re araange the contents of the tone memories either two tones or two banks at a time 4 6 1 Within the Same Bank 1 Press the button for the first TONE MEMORY for example so that the LED lights 2 Press the MEMORY EXCHANGE button lighting that LED 3 Press the button for the second TONE MEMORY 2 for example so that the LED lights When the MEMORY EXCHANGE LED goes out the contents of tone memory locations 2 and 5 that bank will have been switched 4 6 2 Switching Entire Banks 1 Press the button for the first BANK E for example so that the LED lights 2 Press the MEMORY EXCHANGE button lighting that LED 3 Press the button for the second BANK A for example so that the LED lights When the MEMORY EXCHANGE LED goes out the contents of banks and will have been switched 4 7 Linking Tone Data Stored tone data for the upper and lower keyboards are linked To demonstrate the proce
23. ermanent library of virtually unlimited capacity When this function is activated the IDENTIFIER portion of the panel gives the procedure 06 Sequencer controls For functions start stop break repeat offset and link 9 Controls the total output Q LOWER slider Controls the lower relative to the upper FAST VIEW button Pressing this while turning the INCRE MENT knob changes the parameter value in steps of 5 instead of one FAST opera tion Pressing it while a tone name is displayed lists the parameter values for four seconds CURSOR controls Shift between parameters INCREMENT knob Changes the parameter value UPPER LOWER toggle Switches between keyboard the SPLIT mode IDENTIFIER display Normally shows name of programmed tone or stored sequence Shows parameter name and value during programming Gives instructions during auxiliary opera t ons keyboard volume Keyboard names Indicate which keyboard halves are being Programmed Key mode buttons Determine keyboard mode SPLIT DUAL Lower keyboard functions OCT UP HOLD NORMAL B e SS GG OGGOG SPLIT ASSIGN function Controls distribution of DOCs to key board halves SPLIT mode CHORD MEMORY function Allows storage of intervals such as octaves or fifths in the POLY 4 mode and allows up to eight different intervals at once in the M
24. igned to protect the instrument and keep it in top condition Automatic Reset The heart of the SX 240 consists of two high speed microprocessors which are extremely sensitve to power line noise voltage transients and static electricity A reset feature is provided but this feature should only be used as a last resort After using reset you will have to reload the programs into memory so be sure to have your programs backed up on cassettes To reset the processors shut off the main power wait a few seconds and reapply the power They should then function normally once more Battery Backup The tone memory and sequencer programs are electroni cally maintained by a builtin battery This battery is automatically recharged whenever the instrument is in use It is recommended that the SX 240 be turned on for a few hours every two months to maintain this battery charge KAWAI also recommends charging the backup battery upon first unpacking your new SX 240 by leaving the synthesizer for 4 hours Handle Carefully Your synthesizer is designed for long life and durability However like any other electronic instrument certain precautions must be taken Protect the SX 240 from heavy shocks direct sunlight high temperatures high humidity and dust Cleaning Always wipe your synthesizer with a soft dry cloth Never use paint thinner or other harsh chemical solvents Repairs Should your synthesizer e
25. k 3 Press the TAPE ENABLE button The LED in this button will light and so will all those in the BANK TONE MEMOR Y area 4 response to the prompt NAME which appears in the IDENTIFIER section enter the name of the file to be loaded using the keys on the keyboard NOTE f no name is entered the synthesizer will load the first file on your tape 5 If you wish to load all data proceed to step 6 If you wish to load only selected banks press the buttons corresponding to those banks of data which you DO NOT want to load turning off their LEDs Only the data corresponding to those remaining lit will be loaded 6 Press one of the LOAD buttons TONE LOAD or SEQ LOAD Its LED wiil light and the IDENTIFIER display will change to LOAD 7 Start the tape recorder 8 Wait When the synthesizer has finished loading the data the IDENTIFIER display will change to STOP 9 Stop the tape recorder The synthesizer should beep once and change the IDENTIFIER display to OK signifying the end of loading NOTE If the beeping is continuous and the IDENTI FIER display changes to ERROR something has gone wrong with the data transmission Rewind the tape adjust the tape recorder s output level and try again 7 3 VERIFY VERIFY is the word used to describe the process of checking the data stored on the tape to that in the SX 240 memory Procedure 1 Connect your tape recorder to the jac
26. k labelled FROM TAPE 2 Prepare your tape recorder for playback 3 Press the TAPE ENABLE button The LED in this button will light and so will all those in the BANK TONE MEMORY area 4 n response to the prompt NAME which appears in the IDENTIFIER section enter the name of the file to be verified using the keys on the keyboard NOTE If no name is entered the synthesizer will verify the first file on the tape 5 Press the buttons corresponding to those sets of data which you DO NOT want to verify turning off their LEDs Only the data coresponding to those remaining lit will be verified 6 Press the VERIFY button Its LED will light and the IDENTIFIER display will change to VERIFY 7 Start the tape recorder 8 Wait When the synthesizer has finished verifying the data the IDENTIFIER display will change to STOP 9 Stop the tape recorder The synthesizer should beep once and change the IDENTIFIER display to OK signifying the end of verification NOTE If the synthesizer detects a discrepancy between the memory contents and the tape contents it will beep continuously and display the word ERROR in the IDENTIFIER section The SAVE LOAD and VERIFY operations each require on the order of one minute to complete They may be interrupted at any time by pressing the TAPE ENABLE button SPECIFICATION
27. mes complete with pre programmed tones already stored in memory areas A 1 and B 1 so you are now ready to play NOTE f it is necessary to tune your synthesizer to match another instrument 1 Press the TUNE button The LED in it will light and the IDENTIFIER section should read 0 indicating that the synthe sizer is currently tuned to 440 Hz 2 Turn the INCREMENT knob clockwise to raise the pitch and counterclockwise to lower it The INDENTIFIER section will then display the relative pitch TUNE or 2 2 Tones To switch between preprogrammed tones simply press one of the six bank switches A F and one of the eight tone switches 1 8 in the BANK TONE section if a foot switch is connected to the PROG UP jack each press of the switch shifts to the next tone switch NOTE The IDENTIFIER display will automatically change to show the name of the current tone The word UPPER or LOWER in the IDENTIFIER section indicates which half of the keyboard will used this tone To switch between the two press the UPPER LOWER button next to this section OCT UF HOOD PORTA GUSSANDO MENTO PARAMETER CURSOR INCREMENT uree n 1 nri s o MEMORY MEMORY 1 PROTECT DENTE RD a 2 3 Keyboard assignment
28. o and from an internationally recognized digital form for transmission purposes While the scope of control information covered by the standard is quite broad the SX240 has implemented four types Keyboard ON OFF Bender UP DOWN Tone Change Release ON OFF from Serial Number K6897 The SX 240 MIDI also recognizes clock START STOP signals which may be accessed with the EX TEMPO mode NOTE The EX TEMPO mode accepts both an external clock signal and the MIDI clock signal but assign priority to the MIDI clock Once it receives a MIDI clock signal it no longer accepts the ex ternal clock The only way to cancel this func tion and use an external clock signal is to switch to another TEMPO 1 TEMPO for example and then back to EX TEMPO 6 1 Connecting Terminals This interface uses three terminals MIDI IN Accepts external control signals MIDI OUT Outputs SX 240 control signals MIDI THRU Outputs the same signal as received through MIDI IN 6 2 Linking Two SX 240s 1 Joint the MIDI OUT terminal of one SX 240 the Master to the MIDI IN terminal of the other the Slave 2 Set up both synthesizers so that they are ready to play 3 Play something on the Master The Slave will produce the same output 4 Change the Master to a preprogrammed tone The Slave wil change to the same tone which might have different contents 5 Operate the Master s manual bender The Slave s bender will operat
29. omatically destroys the previous memory contents so you may want to save the current contents on tape first 1 Program the tone 2 Shift the MEMORY PROTECT switch to the RE LEASE position lighting the LED NOTE This switch is provided to reduce the risk of accidental erasures 3 Press the MEMORY WRITE button lighting the LED 4 Choose a name for the programmed tone if desired The IDENTIFIER section will display the prompt Using the procedure outlined in the next section enter a name made up of the letters numbers and symbols appearing above the keys on the key board 5 Specify the BANK TONE memory location The MEMORY WRITE LED will go out when the tone has been stored 6 Do not forget to return the MEMORY PROTECT switch to the PROTECT position 4 5 Adding Names As an aid to recall the SX 240 permits you to label all tones sequences and linked sequences with meaning ful names The name automatically appears in the IDEN TIFIER area each time one of these three types of data is accessed to give you an instant means of verification Whenever you press the MEMORY WRITE button the IDENTIFIER display changes to the prompt NAME indicating that the synthesizer is waiting for the name to be input from the keyboard In this case each key has the value written on the panel immediately above it You may skip this step by not inputting a name the synthesizer will then use the old name At th
30. r hand accesses the sequence memory with the tone memory buttons 1 8 Procedure 1 Press the SEQ button the LED will light 2 Press one of the SEQ MEMORY buttons 1 8 That LED will light and the one in the SEQ button will go out 3 Press the ST SP button That LED will light and the sequence will start When the sequencer reaches the end of the stored se quence it will automatically stop and the ST SP LED will go out NOTES 1 A foot switch connected to the SEQ ST SP jack at the back of the instrument can be used in place of the ST SP button 2 The playback speed is regulated by the parameter labelled TEMPO Shifting the cursor to this para meter summons a display of the form TEMPO to the IDENTIFIER section The INCREMENT knob may then be used to change the value Pressing the SEQ button automatically shifts the cursor to this parameter 3 Tuming the INCREMENT knob fully counterclock wise yields the IDENTIFIER display EX TEMPO The EX stands for external This setting tells the synthesizer to synchronize the playback with the signal input through the CLOCK IN jack 4 On a SPLIT keyboard the synthesizer uses the LOWER tone for the playback 3 1 22 BREAK The BREAK function transfers sequencer control to the keyboard When activated that is when the BREAK LED is lit this function repeats the stored sequence as long as keys are being played it returns to the begin ning of the sequence ea
31. rameter determines the interval which the synthe sizer uses when it automatically applies the bender func tion The timing is determined by the LFO DELAY Parameter Manual bender vy BENDER 0 BEND This parameter determines the bender range for manual operation This range can be a maximum of a fifth up or down 5 2 Voltage Controlled Filter VCF The is a low pass filter that uses an input voltage to regulate the filtering of the higher frequencies and thus vary the timbre Cut off frequency v This parameter determines the dividing line for the filter Increasing the value raises the number of overtones allowed through increasing the tone brightness Lowering it beyond a certain point cuts out all frequen cies entirely Iv RESO RESONA At all settings up to 98 this parameter creates a peak near the cutoff frequency a high frequency tone which adds a sharpness to the output tone A setting of 99 yields the filter s resonating frequency EG modulation V This parameter controls modulation of the VCF output with the pattern specified in the envelope generator VCF EG block KCV E KCV F KCV The degree of key controlled voltage KCV modualtion normally depends on key pitch Setting this parameter to 99 changes the modulation pattern to one that uses the same high relative pitch for the same harmonics over the entire keyboard
32. s from 0 to 99 or sometimes from 49 to 450 The parameter descriptions contained in this manual indicate this choice with the symbol NOTE The interactions between parameters can be quite complex For example certain combina tions make it impossible to generate tones For the original combinations stored in the memory at the factory see the lists at the back of this Manual 3 The descriptions which follow use a common format modulation uses the output of the low frequency oscil lator LFO to vary the width and thus produce a con tinuously varying tone The PW PWM parameter con trols the pulse width and the extent of the LFO modulat ing effect DCO 2 ON OFF DCO 2 OF oco2 1 D DCO 2 ON Coarse tuning V COARSE COARS Fine tuning V FINE FINE The second oscillator DCO 2 generates a square wave Two tuning parameters COARSE and FINE adjust the interval between it and DCO 1 The former shifts the DCO 2 pitch in steps of 50 cents up to just over 2 octaves above or below the DCO 1 pitch The latter shifts in steps of 3 cents over a range of a tone and a half on either side Subsidiary D oscillator suBOSC _ S OSC OF S OSC ON When ON the subsidiary oscillator generates a square wave signal with a pitch one octave lower than DCO 1 Brass D BRASS BRASS OF Ring modulation BRASS ON When ON the BRASS function combines the DCO 1
33. s editing facilities These facilities will allow you to experiment with fine tuning the preprogrammed tones already in the memory Should you happen upon a combination that you particularly like jot down the values of the parameters so that you can recreate it whenever you want later The SX 240 also allows you to store it in the memory but since storing destroys the current memory contents taking notes is perhaps safer for the first time user 4 1 Editing Editing simply means changing the current values of any of the parameters The SX 240 is normally in the EDIT mode even while you are playing There are a lot of parameters in the parameter block but you may start anywhere and change their values in any order 4 1 1 Parameter Cursor and INCREMENT Knob To be able to edit a parameter you must have some way of pointing to it The SX 240 uses two rows of LEDs only one of which will light at any given time a sys tem which in computer technology is called a cursor Controlling this cursor are three buttons the LEFT and RIGHT buttons which shift the cursor along a row and the UP DOWN button which switches it between the two rows A quick touch shifts the cursor one step Continued pressing produces faster repeated shifting Shifting the cursor not only changes the position of the lighted LED it also displays the parameter and its cur rent value in the IDENTIFIER section To change the value rota
34. s on the key board Press the SEQ button lighting the LED 7 Press the SEQ MEMORY button 1 8 for the loca tion which will hold the sequence This completes the preparations You are now ready to record 8 Press the ST SP button lighting the LED The se lected beat pattern will then issue from the synthe sizer 9 Listen to the introduction carefully and then start to play something on the keyboard D NOTE The introduction is omitted when the sequencer is using an external clock that is operating in the EX TEMPO mode If the sequence is longer than the memory space allotted for the selected location the synthesizer will automatically transfer to the next one to create what is termed a chained memory WARNING Chaining automatically erases the entire contents of the sequencer memory location used next 10 Press the ST SP to mark the end of the sequence NOTE The sequencer will automatically stop recording when the sequence exceeds the available memory Capacity 3 3 2 BEAT and TEMPO In the recording mode the sequencer issues a beat pattern through the built in speaker to help you maintain rhythm and tempo Shifting the cursor to the BEAT parameter summons one of three messages to the IDENTIFIER display 1 BEAT 3 BEAT 4 BEAT Turn the INCREMENT knob unti the name of the desired beat pattern appears in the IDENTIFIER section 1 1 BEAT 1 H 1 2 3 4 3 4
35. te the INCREMENT knob The effect depends on the type of parameter 1 if the parameter is variable clockwise rotation increases the value while counterclockwise rotation decreases it NOTE Normally the value changes one step at a time but the rate of change can be multiplied by a factor of five by holding down the FAST VIEW button at the same time 2 If the parameter is digital ON OFF clockwise rotation sets the parameter counterclockwise rotation OFF 3 If the parameter is selective the display rotates among the three available choices For the definitions of the parameter types see Chapter 5 4 1 ETE GG EBEECEEEI pa ar aman aana Saa B 2 450 GI IDECECE TEDELTI 8 zm PARAMETER CURSOR 48 4 2 Ending the Edit To cancel the results of the editing system press one of the TONE MEMORY buttons to restore the original preprogrammed tone 4 3 Sample Editing Session The steps below demonstrate the procedures involved in a typical editing session 4 3 1 RANGE RANGE isa selective parameter offering three choices 16 FEET lt gt 8 FEET lt gt 4 FEET Shifting the cursor to this parameter will automatically summon one of these choices to the IDENTIFIER sec tion Clockwise rotation of the INCREMENT knob then halves the number counterclockwise doubles it 4 3 2 Waveforms
36. the SPLIT keyboard mode the sequencer auto matically plays on the lower keyboard thereby freeing the upper one for live play The storage capacity varies with the contents of the sequence but a single sequence can run up to approxi mately 190 notes The total memory available for all eight sequences is approximately 1500 notes The built in speaker provides a 1 3 or 4 beat rhythm pattern to aid in recording This is in addition to the synthesizer s ability to accept an external clock input from a drum machine for example The SX 240 s internal clock is set at 24 pulses per quarter note A linking facility permits the recording of sequences into non sequential memory locations 1 3 and 5 for example Sotring a new sequence in the same memory area automatically destroys the previous one The SX 240 however has a built in tape interface which enables you to save the sequencer data on tape 3 1 Playback Your SX 240 synthesizer is shipped from the factory with sequences already in its memory so the sequencer is ready for instant playback 3 1 1 Basic Procedure Before you can use the sequencer s playback function you must specify which of the stored sequences you wish the synthesizer to use Memory access is controlled by the SEO button When the LED in this button is off the BANK TONE memory buttons access the prepro grammed tone memory area Pressing the SEQ button and lighting the LED on the othe
37. uccessive notes with glides either con tinuously PORTAMENTO semitone steps GLISSANDO Certain of the tones programmed at the factory will not exhibit these effects until the parameter PORTA SPEED has been set to a non zero value Shift the cursor to the parameter and read the current value from the IDENTI FIER display 8 PORTA If the current value is zero rotate the INCREMENT knob to change it NOTE The SX 240 s Portamento Glissando effect works only during legato style playing playing a sequence of notes in a continuous or connected manner 2 3 xt Y MODE AD 2 4 So 4 d 2 5 KYBD ASSIGN and CHORD MEMORY The KYBD ASSIGN parameter specifies how many voices are to be devoted to generating the sound for each key pressed while the CHORD MEMORY feature determines the relative pitch assigned to each of the extra voices 2 5 1 KYBD ASSIGN Shifting the cursor to the KYBD ASSIGN parameter summons one of three possible displays to the IDENTI FIER section POLY 8 POLY 4 MONO POLY 8 enables up to 8 independent voices to respond POLY 4 enables up to 4 independent voices to respond enables 1 independent voice to respond Max Display Channels key Max No of Keys Oscillators per Voice POL Y 8 1 8 2 POL Y 4 2 4 4 MONO 8 1 16 This voice assignment can be changed by rotating the INCREMENT knob 2 5 2 CHORD INTERVAL M
38. ver need servicing always con tact your nearest authorized KAWAI dealer or service technician 1 MAIN FEATURES 1 1 Programming Capabilities The KAWAI SX 240 offers eight independent pro gramming channels or tones each with its own sequence The KAWAI 5 240 uses digitally controlled oscillators DCOs for utmost pitch accuracy The interval between the two DCO s may be chosen anywhere in a range of up to two octaves Each programmed sound is stored under an 8 digit name which appears in an LED display labbled IDENTIFIER on the panel 1 2 Ease of Operation Parameter selection during programming is a simple matter of moving a cursor lighted LED through the parameter block until the name of the desired para meter appears in the IDENTIFIER section of the panel together with its current value Rotating the INCRE MENT knob then changes the parameter value or turns it ON and OFF 1 3 Playing the Synthesizer In addition to the NORMAL mode of operation one sound for the entire keyboard range the SX 240 can be played in either SPLIT or DUAL mode SPLIT mode allows for two different sounds to be played on two different sections of the keyboard The DUAL mode allows two different sounds to be played together The bender function provides control over the digitally controlled oscillators DCO and voltage controlled filters VCF
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