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M-AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide

1. Session KeyStudio l MERE im Ai E TEM ly s m j EE EEE EE OE EG nena ct 9 M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide Table of Contents Introduction llle e lesse sess sao hoyos hoyos aoo yo ren 3 Session KeyStudio Features ark aa ra naa 3 FOOD 6653628 Fe eee E eh Ewe RON ON m NN TL 3 Micro USB Audio Interface aa 3 Session SOU are Ler ck 30 we NE AA ee ee ee OX XX X 3 3 Whats in the Box ee a 4 About this Guide 1 1 aar aka 4 Minimum System Requirements ll onn 4 Installation and Setup 5 1 Connect the KeyStudio Keyboard ee ee ses aao nons 5 2 Install the Session Music Creation Software vr e e a ra ran aa 6 Connect the M Audio Micro USB Audio Interface e e sss eoa 6 Getting Started Making Music with Session 1 2 a 7 The KeyStudio Keyboard 2 2 2 2 2 2 25 2 2252522222225252525252524 11 Key NamMmeS Ler SAR Xa Row ee ee 11 Octave BUCKS ou cee ute er be ee average X p R3 CER eo TWO Ee ee we Var 11 Pitch Bend Wheel eens eee dee eB e a Se ee 11 Modulation Wheel x x xo kom svak oon X3 EGO eee 11 Volume Slider cu 5o OUEOE koe Ec x ox he Go Ee eee ee R REM Wed bed
2. A if additional drivers have not been installed After installing optional drivers KeyStudio will appear as KeyStudio In Figure B Select MIDI Devices ES Select MIDI Devices Input Port USB Audio Device Input Part Mo MIDI s No MIDI v Figure A Figure B Figure A Session s MIDI Devices dialog window without optional drivers installed Figure B Session s MIDI Devices dialog window with optional drivers installed 9 Select the instrument track you wish to play You should now be able to use your KeyStudio keyboard to play instruments from oession s vast instrument library NOTE Your Speakers or Headphones need to be connected to M Audio Micro s output in order to hear the sounds Session generates The series of steps just described illustrates the following concept Session software contains the sounds that the KeyStudio keyboard controls If you are new to MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface you may find it challenging to understand why sounds have not simply been included in the keyboard You will find that using a software based sound source and recording system allows for access to an extremely large array of high quality sounds a large graphic user interface and freedom to work with many music creation applications A basic understanding of MIDI will enable you to take advantage of its wealth of creative possibilities MIDI data gives instructions on how a sound should play Th
3. Folder you can point Session to it by choosing Locate Factory Content Folder from the Options Menu If you moved the User Content Folder you can point Session to it by choosing Set User Content Folder from the Options Menu Problem 12 After adding more sample content the new content does not display in the Track Browsers Solution 12 When manually adding new content to Session copying new files into Session s Content Folders you must re scan the Content Library by choosing Re Scan Content Categories from the Category Manager Problem 13 The Composition sounds distorted Solution 13 If your Composition sounds distorted you may need to lower the overall volume of the Composition by adjusting the Master Volume Control located at the top right of the Session window If the level is loud enough to cause distortion you will see two red dots at the far right end of the Master Volume Control Problem 14 The Session software operates very slowly and is very system resource intensive Solution 14 This problem may be solved by downloading and installing a more current driver from your specific graphics card manufacturer s website M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 21 Useful MIDI specific Troubleshooting Features 15 Session KeyStudio has been designed to make working with MIDI on your computer as simple as possible However sometimes things can go wrong To counter this there are two useful MIDI functions All No
4. Ge 11 Sustain Pedal Jack uaa uuo ox Vakker e Wow Xe ck Oe x Cos wow e od e wes e WO ea e x XO a 11 Advanced KeyStudio Features in Edit Mode 12 Advanced Functions in Edit MOTE sx L a GL EAE xx 359 ox RoRos 12 Octave DUIS Options w m e s s sa dia eae ee X EEE m we V FOROR ELBOW Ew oe 13 Other Assignable Controllers on KeyStudio 0 0 16 The Modulation Wheel Lars eG es be ve PRS EER Re ES XOROCR X d BG Ome Ewe ORE o4 CO EOS RE ou 16 The Volume Slider 449a he od sad wee eed ROROR Wow dk x k Vee Bee BEY EGG 16 MIDI Messages In Depth 17 Program amp Bank C HSHOgOS wu bre eek oe eles Se ee eee ERE R ES X RO 8 17 oe ua xxx eo eee bee bea eee Eee ee PE E AE RW eee eee eee 18 Troubleshooting sss ra e n nos 18 Useful MIDI specific Troubleshooting Features een 21 FIN ES Ol uu x be bebe Rhee 4 99 5 RORUROROR XC s ROROS RUE d RODEO ROW BOR 21 Reset All Controllers a a a a a a a a naa 21 Warranty Terms and Registration arv rv vr r 21 Warranty 11 1 x vr OROEOR eo xROROEOROR We x x XX 21 Warranty Registration 2 s
5. PLEASE NOTE If you are installing the optional drivers for KeyStudio disconnect your KeyStudio until you are instructed to connect It To install the drivers for KeyStudio 1 Download the latest Windows XP driver for your KeyStudio from Support gt Drivers Updates at www m audio com then double click the downloaded file Follow the driver installer s on screen direction prompts At various points in this installation process you may be notified that the driver being installed has not passed Windows Logo Testing Click Continue Anyway to proceed with installation Click Finish when the driver installer has completed Hardware Installation the driver installation l l The software you are installing for this hardware Connect your KeyStudio to an available USB port using the cable provided M Audio Micro has not passed Windows Logo testing to verify its compatibility keyboard is in the on position with Windows AP Tell me why this testing is Important You will be asked if you want to search the Internet for a Continuing your installation of this software may impair or destabilize the correct operation of your system either immediately or in the future Microsoft strongly recommends that you stop this installation now and contact the hardware vendor for software that has passed Windows Logo testing driver Select No not this time and click Next Windows will displ
6. in large steps 130 Master Tune fine Adjusts the tuning of your sound module or synthesizer in small steps 131 Monophonic Aftertouch Adds a vibrato effect Monophonic aftertouch is not an RPN message However it is an additional effect message defined in the General MIDI specification and this is why we have included it in Appendix C M Audio USA 5795 Martin Rd Irwindale CA 91706 Technical Support web www m audio com tech tel pro products 626 633 9055 tel consumer products 626 633 9066 fax shipping 626 633 9032 Sales e mail sales m audio com tel 1 866 657 6434 fax 626 633 9070 Web www m audio com M Audio U K Floor 6 Gresham House 53 Clarenden Road Watford WDI7 ILA United Kingdom M Audio Germany Kuhallmand 34 D 74613 Ohringen Germany Technical Support e mail support m audio de tel 49 0 7941 9870030 fax 49 0 7941 98 70070 Sales e mail info m audio de tel 49 0 7941 98 7000 fax 49 0 7941 98 70070 Web www m audio de Technical Support e mail support maudio co uk tel Mac support 44 0 1765 650072 tel PC support 44 0 1309 671301 Sales tel 44 0 1923 204010 fax 44 0 1923 204039 Web www maudio co uk M Audio France Floor 6 Gresham House 53 Clarenden Road Watford WDI7 ILA United Kingdom Renseignements Commerciaux tel 0810 001
7. to reset the octave shift to zero When you have chosen your octave shift either press C5 representing ENTER or press the Edit Mode button to exit Edit mode IVI AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 14 Transpose In some cases It is useful to increase or decrease the transmitted pitch by a small number of semitones rather than a whole octave For example you may be playing a song with a singer and the singer is having trouble hitting the high notes In this case you can try reducing the pitch by one or more semitones This is achieved using a function called Transpose Transpose works similar to octave shift except the shift is not limited to multiples of 12 semi tones s with octave shift there are two ways of transposing the keyboard When in Edit mode you can assign the Octave lt and gt buttons to control the transpose feature Alternatively you can use the black keys F 3 G 3 and Bb3 to shift the transposition These black keys represent TRANSPOSE TRANSPOSE 0 and TRANSPOSE respectively To assign the Octave lt and gt buttons to transpose 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above D1 D 1 representing DATA TRANSPOSE KeyStudio will exit Edit mode as soon as D 1 has been pressed When the Octave buttons are assigned to transpose the keyboard the lights above the buttons indicate the direction of the transposition To return the ke
8. 105 e mail info m audio fr M Audio Canada 1400 St Jean Baptiste Ave 150 Quebec City Quebec G2E 5B7 Canada Technical Support e mail techcanada m audio com phone 418 872 0444 fax 418 872 0034 Sales e mail infocanada m audio com phone 866 872 0444 fax 418 872 0034 Web www m audio ca M Audio Japan PEY PT 9 0VY RASH ILT 7 17183 T 460 0002 BIR AAT HAXALOA 2 18 10 Avid Technology 2 18 10 Marunouchi Naka Ku Nagoya Japan 460 0002 Assistance Technique PE 0 820 000 731 MAC 0 820 391 191 434A5 x 3 4 FH Technical Support e mail win support m audio jp e mail Macintosh RSHA mac support m audio jp Assistance Technique e mail support m audio fr mac m audio fr 33 0 1 72 72 90 52 fax tel 052 218 0859 10 00 12 00 13 00 17 00 t IVAKBTSHSHAVEPNH Sales e mail info m audio jp tel 052 218 3375 fax 052 218 0875 Web www m audio jp Site Web www m audio fr 070613 SssnKyStu UG ENO1
9. 11 112 Controller 112 113 Controller 113 24 Appendix B Standard MIDI Controller Numbers MIDI CC s 114 Controller 114 115 Controller 115 116 Controller 116 117 Controller 117 118 Controller 118 119 Controller 119 Channel Mode Messages 120 All Sound off 121 Reset all Controllers 122 Local Control 123 All Notes Off 124 Omni Off 125 Omni On 126 Mono On Poly Off 127 Poly On Mono Off Extra RPN Messages 128 Pitch Bend sensitivity 129 Fine Tune 130 Coarse Tune 131 Channel Pressure M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 25 Appendix C Additional RPN Messages You may have noticed that although we have stated there are 128 MIDI controller messages 0 127 Appendix B shows 132 assignable controller messages This is because messages 128 131 are a different type of MIDI message defined in the MIDI Specification as RPN messages M Audio has created four messages that are sent like MIDI CCs but actually transmit a series of RPN messages This makes sending these complex multi part messages as easy as sending a MIDI CC message You can assign these to the controls on your KeyStudio keyboard in exactly the same way as any other MIDI controller message The RPN messages control the following Controller Number MIDI Message Use 128 Pitch Bend Sensitivity Alters the range of a pitch bend message 129 Master Tune coarse Adjusts the tuning of your sound module or synthesizer
10. 5 Controller 35 36 Foot Control LSB 37 Porta Time LSB Session KeyStudio User Guide 38 Data Entry LSB 39 Channel Volume LSB 40 Balance LSB 41 Controller 41 42 Pan LSB 43 Expression LSB 44 Controller 44 45 Controller 45 46 Controller 46 47 Controller 47 48 Gen Purpose 1 LSB 49 Gen Purpose 2 LSB 50 Gen Purpose 3 LSB 51 Gen Purpose 4 LSB 52 Controller 52 53 Controller 53 54 Controller 54 55 Controller 55 56 Controller 56 57 Controller 57 58 Controller 58 59 Controller 59 60 Controller 60 61 Controller 61 62 Controller 62 63 Controller 63 64 Sustain Pedal 65 Portamento 66 Sostenuto 67 Soft Pedal 68 Legato Pedal 69 Hold 2 70 Sound Variation 71 Resonance 72 Release Time 73 Attack Time 74 Cut off Frequency 75 Controller 75 76 Controller 76 77 Controller 77 78 Controller 78 79 Controller 79 80 Gen Purpose 5 81 Gen Purpose 6 82 Gen Purpose 7 83 Gen Purpose 8 84 Portamento Control 85 Controller 85 86 Controller 86 87 Controller 87 88 Controller 88 89 Controller 89 90 Controller 90 91 Reverb Depth 92 Tremelo Depth 93 Chorus Depth 94 Celeste De tune 95 Phaser Depth 96 Data Increment 97 Data Decrement 98 Non Reg Param LSB 99 Non Reg Param MSB 100 Reg Param LSB 101 Reg Param MSB 102 Controller 102 103 Controller 103 104 Controller 104 105 Controller 105 106 Controller 106 107 Controller 107 108 Controller 108 109 Controller 109 110 Controller 110 111 Controller 1
11. Bank LSB 0 C Pogam d me APT Bank MSB 2 Bank LSB 1 res Program MIDI CC 0 is the bank select MSB Most Significant Byte message T ECCE diss amme This MIDI message is 7 bit in size and can be used to select any of 128 S Bank ISB D ON banks This message can be used in conjunction with MIDI CC 32 which is bank select LSB Least Significant Byte separate 7 bit message allowing additional selection of any of another 128 sub banks The combination of Bank MSB and LSB messages gives a 14 bit message that can select any of a possible 16 384 banks Each bank can in turn contain 128 possible sounds selected via a separate program change MIDI message This enables a user to theoretically recall over two million programs directly using only MIDI commands However most devices only use a few different banks and you can often ignore the LSB message You will find many MIDI devices respond to program change commands and many are organized according to the GM listing In General MIDI devices different sounds are organized in the same way from device to device Piano sounds are in their particular place string sounds are in their place drum sounds are in their place and so on All GM devices both hardware and software sound modules are clearly labeled as such so you know that their sounds are organized in the General MIDI structure When a GM device receives a MIDI program change it calls up a type
12. Bank LSB or Bank MSB respectively 3 Press keys C4 then B3 then C5 This enters the combination 3 2 ENTER As with Program changes if the Octave lt and gt buttons are selected to vary the Bank LSB or MSB number Method 1 the lights above the buttons will not change since it is not possible to have a Bank with a negative value Pressing both the lt and gt buttons together will recall Bank O Bank change messages must be followed by a program change message in order to recall a sound Bank change message by themselves do not activate a sound but only locate and access a predefined location of a set bank of 128 sounds M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 16 Other Assignable Controllers on KeyStudio The Modulation Wheel It is possible to assign different MIDI controller numbers to the Modulation wheel These parameters are called MIDI continuous controllers There are 132 counting from and including zero to 131 MIDI continuous controllers MIDI CC s For these controller values to have any effect on the sound the receiving software or device has to be able to read and respond to these MIDI controller messages KeyStudio accepts controller numbers 0 131 Numbers beyond 127 are a proprietary method M Audio uses to simplify the transmission of certain otherwise more complicated multi part MIDI messages A full list of controller values is given at the back of this manual in Appendi
13. Chiff 84 Syn Charang 85 Syn Voice 86 Syn Fifths Sawtooth Wave 87 Syn Brass amp Lead Synth Pad 88 New Age Syn Pad 89 Warm Syn Pad 90 Polysynth Syn Pad 91 Choir Syn Pad 92 Bowed Syn Pad 93 Metal Syn Pad 94 Halo Syn Pad 95 Sweep Syn Pad 16 Synth Effects 96 SFX Rain 97 SFX Soundtrack 98 SFX Crystal 99 SFX Atmosphere 100 SFX Brightness 101 SFX Goblins 102 SFX Echoes 103 SFX Sci Fi Ethnic 104 Sitar 105 Banjo 106 Shamisen 107 Koto 108 Kalimba 109 Bag Pipe 110 Fiddle 111 Shanai Percussive 112 Tinkle Bell 113 Agogo 114 Steel Drums 115 Woodblock 116 Taiko Drum 117 Melodic Tom 118 Syn Drum 119 Reverse Cymbal Sound Effects 120 Guitar Fret Noise 121 Breath Noise 122 Seashore 123 Bird Tweet 124 Telephone Ring 125 Helicopter 126 Applause 127 Gun Shot M AUDIO 00 Bank Select 01 Modulation 02 Breath Control 03 Controller 3 04 Foot Control 05 Porta Time 06 Data Entry 07 Channel Volume 08 Balance 09 Controller 9 10 Pan 11 Expression 12 Effects Controller 1 13 Effects Controller 2 14 Controller 14 15 Controller 15 16 Gen Purpose 1 17 Gen Purpose 2 18 Gen Purpose 3 19 Gen Purpose 4 20 Controller 20 21 Controller 21 22 Controller 22 23 Controller 23 24 Controller 24 25 Controller 25 26 Controller 26 27 Controller 27 28 Controller 28 29 Controller 29 30 Controller 30 31 Controller 31 32 Bank Select LSB 33 Modulation LSB 34 Breath Control LSB 3
14. atch as is the case here If the Octave lt and gt buttons have been assigned to control the program number Method 1 the lights above the buttons will not change since it is not possible to have a program with a negative value Pressing both the lt and gt buttons together will recall Program 0 which selects the first sound patch on any synthesizer capable of processing MIDI program changes Bank LSB and Bank MSB Program changes are the most commonly used messages to change instruments and voices However the number of instruments accessible using only the program change MIDI command is limited to 128 Since some devices have more than 128 voices they require a method to organize their large number of sounds into banks These devices then access the sounds within these banks by using program change messages See chapter 11 MIDI Messages Explained for additional information Generally these devices use Bank LSB Least Significant Byte and Bank MSB Most Significant Byte change messages KeyStudio can send these bank change messages in two possible ways 1 Incremental Decremental Bank LSB and Bank MSB Change 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above G1 G 1 or Bb1 A 1 Now the Octave lt and gt keys can be used to change Bank LSB or Bank MSB 2 Using the Quick Select Method 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above G4 G 4 or Bb4 A 4 representing
15. audio from Session and cannot hear sound from the Micro audio interface Solution 4 Make sure that your speakers or headphones are properly connected to the Micro and not to your computer s built in soundcard Check the Micro control panel to make sure the volume is turned up and it is not muted Open Session s Audio Hardware configuration dialog by choosing Options gt Audio Hardware Make sure that the Driver Type is set to ASIO the selected Wave Device is ASIO M Audio USB ASIO and the M Audio Micro is selected in the Output Channel box Problem 5 I am unable to input monitor through Session Solution 5 Click the Input Active button enabling the Input Active feature This allows you to play or sing through Session otherwise known as input monitoring Depending on the proximity of your microphone or guitar to your speakers and the volume setting of your speakers there is potential for feedback a loud screeching noise Be sure to turn your speaker volume down before pressing the Input Active button After pressing the Input Active button gradually increase your speaker volume to a safe level Optionally Session can press the Input Active button automatically for the selected Track This option is disabled by default to protect your ears and speakers To turn this option on select Auto Input Monitor Selected Audio Track from the Track menu located at the top of the Session window Another option for input monitoring Is to raise the Moni
16. ault channel 1 M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 15 Program Change Program changes are used to change the instrument or voice you are controlling with your KeyStudio Program change messages are not needed when working with Session but can be beneficial when using the KeyStudio keyboard to control MIDI sound modules or synthesizers For example let s change the instrument on a General MIDI sound module to a cello sound To do this we need to send a program change of 42 which will select a cello sound from the General MIDI Instruments standard list see Appendix A There are two methods to send the program change 1 Increment Decrement Program Change 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above F1 F 1 Now the Octave lt and gt keys can be used to change the program 2 Quick Select Program Change 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above F4 F 4 representing program 3 Press keys D4 then B3 then C5 This enters the combination 4 2 ENTER Now the keyboard is set to play the GM cello sound 42 from the General MIDI Instruments standard list The full list of General MIDI program numbers is given in Appendix A at the end of this manual Method 1 is useful if you want to cycle through different instruments for the purpose of comparing and choosing which sound works best in your song Method 2 is more useful if you want to select a specific sound p
17. ay a Found New Hardware Wizard Choose Install the software automatically and click Next Follow the driver installer s on screen direction prompts e 1 STOP Installation and click Finish when the installer has completed KeyStudio installation M AUDIO 2 Install the Session Music Creation Software Session KeyStudio User Guide 6 PLEASE NOTE Do not connect your M Audio Micro audio interface to your computer until the Session software has been installed Leave your Micro disconnected until instructed to connect it 1 2 Insert the M Audio Session DVD ROM into your computer s DVD ROM drive The computer will automatically display the install screen If your computer fails to launch the installer manually start it by clicking on Start gt My Computer and double clicking Session Follow the software installer s on screen direction prompts Session comes with a large library of loops and instrument samples for music creation known as Session Content During the installation process you will be asked if you would like to install this content as well as the driver for the Micro audio interface Make sure both of these check boxes remain selected The M Audio Micro driver and the Session content are required in order to gain access to all of Session s features NOTE Please be aware that your Session software s Session InstallShield Wizard Select Features Select the features se
18. buttons at the same time Both LEDs will light indicating that the octave shift has returned to zero In summary when the Octave buttons are set to control octave shift default if the light is only lit above the Octave gt key the octave is shifted up If the light is only lit above the Octave lt key the octave is shifted down Pitch Bend Wheel As the name indicates the Pitch Bend wheel is usually used to bend the notes played on the keyboard up or down This allows you to play phrases not normally associated with keyboard playing including guitar style riffs Your sound source determines how far you can bend the note The usual setting is two semitones but can be up to two octaves up or down Modulation Wheel The Modulation wheel is typically used for modulation of the sound you are playing This real time controller was originally introduced on electronic keyboard instruments to give the performer options such as adding vibrato just like players of acoustic instruments do KeyStudio s Modulation wheel is assignable to control many possible parameters See chapter Advanced KeyStudio Features in Edit Mode for more information on this Volume Slider The Volume slider can send MIDI messages that control the volume of the notes you are playing The Volume slider can also be assigned to control different parameters such as pan balance attack reverb and chorus See chapter Advanced KeyStudio Features in Edit Mode for m
19. d 99 represent the NRPN LSB and MSB respectively while 100 and 101 represent the RPN LSB and MSB messages see the MIDI controllers list in Appendix B To transmit an NRPN RPN message these LSB and MSB controller messages are sent along with their user specified values A further controller message and value needs to be sent to specify the coarse or fine value adjustment This is specified by controller number 6 data entry for coarse adjustments or number 38 for fine adjustments A list of NRPN s is usually given in the user s manual of any device that receives NRPN messages It is always necessary that the NRPN MSB and LSB be sent together Both will be specified in the device s manual Troubleshooting 12 Session KeyStudio has been tested in a wide range of systems and operating conditions However there are virtually limitless numbers of operating scenarios any of which could affect your system s performance Though this section cannot cover all possible situations you may encounter we would like to offer some suggestions for dealing with possible problems If you are still not able to find the answer you are looking for please feel free to contact M Audio technical support for further assistance Problem 1 My KeyStudio keyboard suddenly stopped working after having performed fine since installation Solution 1 Close any music applications you are using switch the KeyStudio off and restart your computer Once your computer has co
20. e equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help ASIO is a trademark of Steinberg Soft und Hardware GmbH VST is a trademark of Steinberg Soft und Hardware GmbH WARNING This product contains chemicals including lead known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm Wash hands after handling M AUDIO Session KeyStudio VCI C Tested to comply with FCC standards Sa FOR HOME OR STUDIO USE G N382 2007 Avid Technology Inc All rights reserved Product features specifications system requirements and availability are subject to change without notice Avid M Audio Micro and Session KeyStudio are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Avid Technology Inc All other trademarks contained herein are the property of their respective owners M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 23 Appendices Useful MIDI Data Appendix A General MIDI Instruments PLEASE NOTE The following table lists all General MIDI patch names using numbers from O 127 Be advised that some GM modules count their sound patches from 1 128 instead Both methods are common As a result and depending on the sound module you use there may be an offset of 1 between the sent program change number and the recalled sound patch Piano O Acoustic Grand Piano 1 Bright Acoustic P
21. egister to receive FREE product updates and for the chance to win M Audio giveaways M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 22 Technical Info 15 Caution Electro Static Discharge Electrical Fast Transient and Conducted RF interference may cause the unit malfunctioning In such case unplug the unit and plug it in again to restore normal operation Note Your M Audio product has been tested to comply with FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE Modifications not authorized by the manufacturer may void user s authority to operate this device Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Re orient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase separation between the equipment and receiver Connect th
22. ese instructions dictate parameters such as what note to play when to play it how loud to play it and which sound to use State of the art music applications such as the Session software contain virtual instruments that are capable of generating sound when MIDI data is sent to them Data from the KeyStudio keyboard is transmitted to the sequencer program e g Session routed to a virtual instrument and sent to an audio output turning MIDI data into audible sounds Much of this process is conveniently automated through prompting when you use Session For more information on Session such as recording audio and using loops see the Session User Guide available from the Session Help menu M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 11 The KeyStudio Keyboard Key Names The letters printed above the white keys stand for the names of the musical notes the keys represent The number next to each letter marks the octave each key belongs to More information on octaves can be found in the following section Black keys are semitones to their adjacent white keys and don t have a dedicated letter A semitone represents the distance in pitch from one note to its immediate neighbor Black keys usually have the same name as the next higher or lower white key but have an additional sharp symbol semitone higher than the letter indicates or flat symbol b semitone lower than the letter indicates attached to them For example the name of the b
23. he documentation associated with your third party software for more information on this Minimum System Requirements Windows Keyboard Only m Pentium 4 1 6 GHz processor with 512MB RAM Macintosh B 4GB free HD space for complete installation DVD drive B Macintosh G3 800 G4 733 MHz or higher m 4X or faster graphics 32MB video RAM CPU may be higher for laptops M 2 native USB ports B OS X 10 3 9 with 256 MB RAM or OS X 10 4 2 or greater with 512 MB RAM m One native USB port G3 G4 accelerator cards are not supported Home and Professional Edition only Windows Media Center Edition is not currently Supported M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 5 Installation and Setup It is important that installation and setup take place in the following sequence 1 Connect the KeyStudio Keyboard The KeyStudio USB keyboard is class compliant This means that you may simply connect the provided USB cable between KeyStudio and your Windows XP computer and switch the keyboard on Additional drivers are not mandatory for normal operation As you become more familiar with the KeyStudio USB keyboard you may wish to take advantage of this product s professional features such as using your new keyboard with more than one application at the same time multi client or sending advanced MIDI messages using KeyStudio s Edit mode For this M Audio recommends installing the additional drivers found at www m audio com
24. iano 2 Electric Grand Piano 3 Honky Tonk Piano 4 Electric Piano 1 5 Electric Piano 2 6 Harpsichord 7 Clavinet Chromatic Percussion 8 Celesta 9 Glockenspiel 10 Music Box 11 Vibraphone 12 Marimba 13 Xylophone 14 Tubular bells 15 Dulcimer Organ 16 Drawbar Organ 17 Percussive Organ 18 Rock Organ 19 Church Organ 20 Reed Organ 21 Accordion 22 Harmonica 23 Tango Accordion Guitar 24 Nylon Acoustic 25 Steel Acoustic 26 Jazz Electric 27 Clean Electric 28 Muted Electric 29 Overdrive 30 Distorted 31 Harmonics Bass 32 Acoustic Bass 33 Electric Fingered Bass 34 Electric Picked Bass 35 Fretless Bass 36 Slap Bass 1 37 Slap Bass 2 38 Syn Bass 1 39 Syn Bass 2 Strings Orchestra 40 Violin 41 Viola 42 Cello 43 Contrabass 44 Tremolo Strings 45 Pizzicato Strings 46 Orchestral Harp 47 Timpani Ensemble 48 String Ensemble 1 49 String Ensemble 2 Slow 50 Syn Strings 1 51 Syn Strings 2 52 Choir Aahs 53 Voice Oohs 54 Syn Choir 55 Orchestral Hit Brass 56 Trumpet 57 Trombone 58 Tuba 59 Muted Trumpet 60 French Horn 61 Brass Section 62 Syn Brass 1 63 Syn Brass 2 Reed 64 Soprano Sax 65 Alto Sax 66 Tenor Sax 67 Baritone Sax 68 Oboe 69 English Horn 70 Bassoon 71 Clarinet Pipe 72 Piccolo 73 Flute 74 Recorder 75 Pan Flute 76 Bottle Blow 77 Shakuhachi 78 Whistle 79 Ocarina Synth Lead 80 Syn Square Wave 81 Syn Sawtooth Wave 82 Syn Calliope 83 Syn
25. ions both lights above the buttons will remain on regardless of the current setting of that function The available functions of the octave buttons are Octave Shift The Octave lt and gt buttons control octave shift by default However if these keys have been programmed to control another function you may wish to re assign them to control octave shift once again To assign the Octave lt and gt buttons to control octave shift 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above C1 C 1 representing DATA OCTAVE KeyStudio will exit Edit mode as soon as C 1 has been pressed e The OCTAVE and Keys Another method of shifting KeyStudio s octaves is with the use of the black keys labeled OCTAVE and 0 on the Advanced Functions in Edit Mode diagram This octave shift method can be useful when the Octave buttons have been reassigned to control another MIDI function 1 2 Press the Edit Mode button Press the black key below B2 Bb2 In Edit mode this key functions as OCTAVE shifting the keyboard up one octave It is possible to shift the keyboard up a total of four octaves Press the black key above F2 F 2 In Edit mode this key functions as OCTAVE shifting the keyboard down one octave It is possible to shift the keyboard down a total of three octaves Press the black key above G2 G 2 In Edit mode this key functions as OCTAVE 0
26. lack key to the right of C3 is C 3 C sharp 3 but it can also be called Db3 D flat 3 since it is also adjacent to the D key on its right In other words black keys have two valid names depending on the context of the musical notation they are part of Octave Buttons An octave contains 12 notes and each octave is marked out clearly on your KeyStudio keyboard by black and white sections starting on C Each octave is given a number KeyStudio is able to shift the pitch of its keys up or down by one or more octaves When the keyboard s octaves are not shifted octave shift set to zero the lights above both the Octave lt and Octave gt buttons will be lit The default octave shift designation is zero and will be the octave setting each time you power up the keyboard If you press the Octave gt button once the light above the Octave lt button will go out indicating the keyboard is now playing an octave higher If you press the Octave gt button again the keyboard will be shifted up two octaves It is possible to shift the keyboard up a total of four octaves using the Octave gt button To shift the octave down press the Octave button in the same manner pressing once for one octave twice for two octaves and three times for three octaves It is possible to shift the keyboard down a total of three octaves To return the keyboard s octave shift to zero press both the Octave lt and gt
27. ller value you want to assign to the Volume slider 4 Press the ENTER key C5 If you make an error while entering the numerical data value you can press the CANCEL key C1 to exit Edit mode without changing the MIDI CC assigned to the Volume slider PLEASE NOTE Each time the keyboard is turned off optional MIDI parameters assigned to the Volume slider or Modulation wheel will be lost Each time the keyboard is powered up the Volume slider will default to being assigned to Volume MIDI CC 07 and the Modulation wheel will default to being assigned to modulation MIDI CC 01 M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide T MIDI Messages In Depth 11 Program amp Bank Changes When the MIDI standard was first established it enabled the user to Bank MSB Bank LSB Program access only 128 different sounds using program change messages BEEN BEEN BEEN 0 127 As MIDI devices grew to be more sophisticated and contain Program 0 more sounds bank change messages were included in an updated MIDI Lc MEUM specification to allow for more than 128 sounds to be accessed et i Bank LSB 0 ee 0 7 La l The language MIDI uses to communicate between musical instruments BankMSBO a Bank LSB 1 ETL Program 1 CS o Program 2 N only allows for program change commands 0 127 for a total of 128 a 77 ossible programs 127 programs program 0 128 programs total l p prog 127 prog pr
28. mpletely restarted switch the KeyStudio back on Problem 2 I have connected a sustain pedal to my M Audio keyboard but its function is reversed Solution 2 The polarity of the sustain pedal is calculated by the keyboard when it is powered up On power up the sustain pedal is assumed to be in the OFF position If you want the sustain pedal to be off when it is not pressed make sure the pedal is not pressed when you power up Also check to see if there is a polarity switch on your foot pedal It is possible to use this switch to change foot pedal polarity as well Another way to reverse the sustain pedal s polarity is to keep it pushed while powering on your KeyStudio keyboard Problem 3 When I press a key or attempt to monitor my microphone or instrument input there is a noticeable delay before I hear any sound Solution 3 This delay is known as latency and latency can be adjusted by changing the buffer size setting in your M Audio Micro control panel The goal is to set the buffer size as low as possible without experiencing artifacts in the audio Faster computers generally allow for smaller buffer size settings and thus less latency If there is a large delay between what you play on the keyboard and what you hear from your virtual instrument in Session click Options gt Audio Hardware gt ASIO Settings gt Latency and drag the slider downwards M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 19 Problem 4 I am attempting to play back
29. n will then turn off and the keyboard can then be used to play notes again Some functions do not require any additional data entry When these functions are selected the keyboard will automatically exit Edit mode and return to Performance mode Advanced Functions in Edit Mode IAM RESET ALL CONTROLLERS DATA OCTAVE DATA TRANSPOSE DATA PROGRAM DATA BANK LSB DATA BANK MSB DATA CHANNEL OCTAVE OCTAVE 0 OCTAVE ALL NOTES OFF TRANSPOSE TRANSPOSE 0 TRANSPOSE WHEEL ASSIGN SLIDER ASSIGN PROGRAM BANK LSB BANK MSB ENTER M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 13 Octave Buttons Options The Octave lt and gt buttons can be assigned to control one of six possible MIDI functions Octave Shift Transpose Program Change Bank LSB Bank MSB MIDI Channel Change In the diagram above the first six black keys are labeled DATA OCTAVE DATA TRANSPOSE DATA PROGRAM DATA BANK LSB DATA BANK MSB and DATA CHANNEL These keys are used to select the desired alternate function of the Octave buttons To select an alternate function 1 2 Press the Edit Mode button Press the black key that represents the function you want to assign to the Octave buttons KeyStudio will exit Edit mode as soon as you push one of these keys PLEASE NOTE Some of the functions that the Octave buttons can be used for cannot send out a value less than zero When used to control these funct
30. of sound that you expect from the GM sound set All non GM MIDI sound modules call up unique sounds from their memory upon receiving MIDI program changes Since the sounds in a non GM device are not arranged in a particular order you need to take a look at the device itself to see which sound you want and at which location in the memory it resides Many VST instruments such as Native Instruments FM7 or the synth modules in Propellerhead Reason are non GM devices You can send program change bank LSB and bank MSB messages directly from the KeyStudio keyboard Please consult the Advanced KeyStudio Features in Edit Mode section of this User Guide for further details IVI AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 18 NRPN RPNs Non registered parameter numbers NRPN s are device specific messages that enable you to control synths and sound modules via MIDI The MIDI specification defines open parameter numbers to allow manufacturers to specify their own controllers The more common of these are registered by the MIDI Manufacturer s Association and are now part of the MIDI specification hence the term Registered Parameter Numbers RPN s See Appendix B Each NRPN RPN has an associated 2 byte number The two bytes allow for 128 values each An RPN or NRPN message is made up of two parts the MSB and the LSB message Both of these messages together constitute an RPN or NRPN command This allows for 16 384 values in total MIDI controllers 98 an
31. og prog i m Program 0 1 Program 2 Because of inherent limitations of the MIDI communication protocol the number of directly accessible programs using program change messages cannot easily be expanded beyond 128 Thus a system Program r of banks with 128 sounds in each has been created that enables manufacturers to overcome the 128 sound MIDI limit 128 Banks with 128 sounds in each bank is the basic principle used to expand the number of accessible sounds However to avoid reaching e a mar the new limit of the resulting 16 384 possible sounds 128 banks x 128 BankMSB1 Bank LSB 1 e EEE TSn Program programs accessible using a bank change combined with a program De NY BakLSB2 j LSB2 T change another layer of banks was added The result is a system of 128 banks that can contain 128 sub banks in each of them which in turn Program 1 ithi C Pogam can contain 128 sounds programs within them i Bank change messages useful when calling up sounds from large i library that may exist in a particular sound module or software synth For example devices are with Roland s GS specification or ae i Em Yamaha s XG specification require you to specify a bank change in order C Progam 7 to access the extra voices and effects that these devices provide Loe 2
32. ore information on this Some software applications respond to volume control MIDI messages and some programs like M Audio s Session utilize the mouse and graphic user interface to control the volume of instruments Sustain Pedal Jack You can connect a momentary contact foot pedal not included to the Sustain jack on the back of your M Audio keyboard The keyboard will automatically detect the correct polarity when powering up If you want to reverse the polarity simply press the pedal when you switch on your keyboard The foot pedal is normally used for sustaining the sound you are playing without having to keep your fingers pressing down the keys This is similar to an acoustic piano s sustain pedal function M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 12 Advanced KeyStudio Features in Edit Mode The button to the left of the keys labeled Edit Mode is used to access additional advanced functions of the keyboard When this button is pressed the keyboard will enter Edit mode and the keys on the keyboard can be used to select functions and enter data The light above the Edit Mode button indicates whether or not the keyboard is in Edit mode When in Edit mode the black keys on the keyboard are used for selecting functions while the white keys are used for data entry and channel selection Your keyboard will exit Edit mode as soon as either a function is selected or the CANCEL or ENTER key is pressed The light above the Edit Mode butto
33. power B bus powered through USB Micro USB Audio Interface seamless Session KeyStudio compatibility low latency performance through ASIO driver architecture 1 8 stereo input for instruments microphones or line level devices 1 8 stereo output for headphones powered monitors or other devices with line level inputs bus powered through USB Session Software CD quality multi track audio and MIDI recording software built in studio quality effects built in virtual synthesizer with hundreds of instrument sounds includes over 3 5 GB of content for professional music creation M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 4 What s in the Box Your M Audio Session KeyStudio bundle should contain the following items B M Audio KeyStudio USB keyboard B M Audio Micro USB audio interface B M Audio Session DVD ROM m USB cable Printed Session KeyStudio Quick Start Guide If any of the above listed items are missing please contact the retailer where you purchased the product About this Guide This User Guide covers setup and features of the KeyStudio USB keyboard installation of your Session music creation software and setup of the M Audio Micro USB audio interface Even if you are experienced with MIDI and PC based music production we still recommend reading this User Guide to help you get the most out of Session KeyStudio The hardware contained in the bundle can also be used with third party music software See t
34. te with the first track of your new song and click OK Select Keyboard Sound G All Instruments 2 Chromatic Percussion a Drums lt Guitar M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 9 6 The Session window will now appear You may click the specific instrument you would like to play from the instrument list appearing on the left side of the screen Session Composition1 File Edit Track Transport Options Help udum Room Reverb 2 pg gt my E AcidO1 Synth Bass AcidO1 Synth Bass Alt AcidO2 synbass AcidO3 synbass Alt Bass Pl Verse Alt Altl Bass Pl Verse Bass P2 Chorus Alt2 Bass Pl Intro Acido Synth Bass AcidO l Synth Bass Alt AcidO2 synbass AcidO3 synbass Bass Pl Verse Altl Bass Pl Verse Bass F2 Chorus Alt2 Bass Pl Intro a a a a a an a 7 Goto Options gt Audio Hardware and make sure ASIO M Audio USB ASIO is selected in the Wave Device pull down menu Click OK Select Wave Device Driver ASIO DM 0 M Audio USB ASIO Input Channels au Line In 1 M Audio Micro eae Line In 2 M Audio Micro RIF SP hannal EH Analog 1 2 M Audio Micro See Analog 1 2 M Audio Micro aSiDSelings M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 10 8 Goto Options gt MIDI Hardware and make sure USB Audio Device or KeyStudio In is selected in the Input Port box KeyStudio will appear as USB Audio Device Figure
35. tes Off Use this if you find there are sustaining notes that you cannot stop To send an All Notes Off MIDI message 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above D3 Dit 3 representing ALL NOTES OFF 3 Edit mode will exit and there will no longer be any sustaining notes Reset All Controllers If one or more of the loaded sound patches doesn t sound as expected then it may mean that a MIDI CC has applied an undesired effect or other type of sound modulation to that voice If you are unsure of which MIDI controller to adjust to eliminate the effect you can send a Reset All Controllers MIDI message to set all controller values to their defaults To send a Reset All Controllers message 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above C3 Cit 3 representing RESET ALL CONTROLLERS 3 Edit mode will exit and all controller values will be reset to their default values Warranty Terms and Registration Warranty Terms M Audio warrants products to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and provided that the product is owned by the original registered user Visit www m audio com warranty for terms and limitations applying to your specific product Warranty Registration Immediately registering your new M Audio product entitles you to full warranty coverage and helps M Audio develop and manufacture the finest quality products available Register online at www m audio com r
36. tor Mix slider in the Micro control panel This slider dictates how much of the Micro s input is sent directly to the Micro s output This is direct near zero latency monitoring that is not affected by buffer size The Micro control panel Monitor Mix option is accessed by clicking Options gt Audio Hardware gt ASIO Settings gt Levels Problem 6 I hear a loud screeching sound after creating or selecting an audio track Solution 6 If you are using speakers and your microphone is too close to the speakers you may experience feedback To solve this issue Lower your speaker s volume e Disable Auto Input Monitor Selected Audio Track from the Track menu in the Menu bar If you choose this option make sure to press this button when you need to monitor through the track In general it is good practice to turn your speakers off while recording and listen with headphones Problem 7 I hear crackles clicks or pops when playing or recording audio Solution 7 Make sure that Session s Master Volume Control does not indicate clipping This control indicates clipping by drawing two red dots at the far right edge of the volume meter If you see clipping move the Master Volume Control slider to the left If you hear crackles clicks pops or other artifacts while recording or input monitoring through a track lower your microphone or guitar signal until the track stops clipping Crackles clicks pops or other artifacts also occur when your comp
37. tup vill mstal Isbell ete The application files will automatically be installed to C Program Files M Audio Session Please choose the location where you would like to install Session s Content Library If you do not select a location the content will be installed by default to the same location as the application files If you do not install the content you must place the Session DVD in your DVD drive when running Session Session Content wi M Audio Micro Destination Folder C Program FilessM Audio S ession 3777880 K 16366460 K Space Required on C Space Available on C Factory Content Library may take as long as 30 minutes to install This behavior is normal During the installation process the installer displays helpful Session tutorial information 5 6 At various points in this installation process you may be notified that the driver being installed has not passed Windows Logo Testing Click Continue Anyway to proceed with the installation Click Finish once the installer has completed the installation 3 Connect the M Audio Micro USB Audio Interface Connect the M Audio Micro USB audio interface to an available USB port on your computer Upon installation you may be prompted with a Windows Logo testing message Click Continue Anyway Right click the red M Audio icon in the system tray and select Open M Audio Micro control panel to access the Micro control panel Here you can adj
38. ust input gain monitor mix levels output volume and buffer size latency The control panel also shows details about the installed driver version b AL PERLE M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 7 Getting Started Making Music with Session 1 Double click the Session shortcut icon that was placed on your desktop during installation If this icon does not appear go to Start gt All Programs gt M Audio gt Session gt Session to open the application 2 session Startup Open an existing Composition Create a new Composition 3 New Composition dialog box will appear enabling you to choose Name Time Signature Key Root Key Scale and Tempo for your composition After these choices have been made click OK New Composition Enter Name for New Composition Composition i Beats per Measure 4 Meter 4 4 Y Duration of Beat Kev Root f v Key Scale klone Chromatic nee 105 0 I IVI AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 8 4 The What would you like to do dialog box will now appear For this example select Play and Record with Your Keyboard and click OK What would you like to do Create Music with Audio Loops lt Play and Record our Guitar st Sing and Record V acals Instruments T Record Stereo Line In Play and Record with Your Keyboard 5 Inthe Select Keyboard Sound dialog box select the bank of sounds you would like to associa
39. uter cannot keep up with the current task To solve this problem in Session click Options gt Audio Hardware gt ASIO Settings gt Latency and drag the slider upwards Repeat this process if this problem continues Problem 8 The KeyStudio does not trigger sounds in Session Solution 8 Go To Options gt MIDI Hardware and make sure USB Audio Device or KeyStudio In is selected in the Input Port box Also make sure a track for keyboard playback and recording is selected Problem 9 I cannot locate the KeyStudio USB keyboard in my software s MIDI devices dialog box Solution 9 The KeyStudio requires a powered USB port Try plugging the KeyStudio into a different USB port or powered USB hub connected to your computer M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 20 Problem 10 My synthesizer always recalls the sound next to the program number that I have sent to it from the KeyStudio For example if I send a program change with the number 40 Violin my software loads sound number 41 Viola Solution 10 Some General MIDI modules count their sound patches from 1 128 instead of 0 127 Both methods are common As a result and depending on the sound module you use there may be an offset of 1 between the sent program change number and the recalled sound patch Problem 11 Synth Patches and MultiFX Presets do not load Solution 11 It is likely that you moved the Factory and or User Content Folders If you moved the Factory Content
40. verd er xx om skar Row x PX RO X EM SEE ee 03 ek POR 21 Technical Info llle lees sess Rayo oho yao ho os ns 22 Appendices Useful MIDI Data ce ees as 23 Appendix A General MIDI Instruments 0 23 Appendix B Standard MIDI Controller Numbers MIDI CC s a n 24 Appendix C Additional RPN Messages ll aka kaka yos a a ons 25 M AUDIO Session KeyStudio User Guide 3 Introduction Congratulations on your purchase of the M Audio Session KeyStudio a 49 note full size velocity sensitive USB keyboard audio interface and software package designed for easy integration with your PC computer Ideal for a multitude of music creation applications Session KeyStudio provides you with all you and your computer need to compose great music NOTE Session KeyStudio is a software and hardware combination designed for Windows XP However the KeyStudio USB keyboard also works seamlessly on Apple computers that are qualified to run GarageBand The keyboard will be ready for use immediately after connecting Session KeyStudio Features Keyboard B 49 key velocity sensitive keyboard m Pitch Bend and Modulation wheels B MiDire assignable Volume slider MiDire assignable Octave up down buttons Edit Mode button for advanced functions and programming B Sustain foot pedal input B no driver installation needed simply connect and
41. x B Some useful MIDI CC s are 01 Modulation 07 Volume 10 Pan balance 05 Portamento To assign a MIDI controller message to the Modulation wheel 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above C4 C 4 representing WHEEL ASSIGN 3 Use the Numerical Data Entry keys G3 B4 to enter the number of the MIDI controller you want to assign to the Modulation wheel 4 Press the ENTER key C5 5 Move the Modulation wheel upwards to increase the value of the MIDI message sent If you make an error while entering the numerical data value you can press the CANCEL key C1 to exit Edit mode without changing the MIDI CC assigned to the Modulation wheel As an example let s assign effect number 10 to the Modulation wheel This means the Modulation wheel will control Pan or balance To do this we need to Press the Edit Mode button Press the black key above C4 C 4 representing WHEEL ASSIGN Press A3 to enter 1 Press G3 to enter O so you have entered 10 Press C5 for ENTER or de d m zS The Volume Slider As with the Modulation wheel the Volume slider can also be assigned to any of the 132 controllers 0 131 shown at the back of this manual To assign the Volume slider to a certain MIDI parameter 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press the black key above D4 D 4 representing SLIDER ASSIGN 3 Use the Numerical Data Entry keys G3 B4 to enter the number of the contro
42. yboard s transpose shift to zero press both the Octave lt and gt buttons at the same time Channel MIDI data from the keyboard can be sent on any of 16 MIDI channels KeyStudio s default is to transmit MIDI data on channel 1 However certain MIDI performance or recording scenarios may require the keyboard to send data on a different channel You can change the channel on which data is sent using the following method 1 Press the Edit Mode button 2 Press one of the 16 channel keys from D1 to E3 whichever one represents the channel you need KeyStudio will exit Edit mode as soon as a channel key has been pressed For example if a device specifies that you need to send data on channel 10 press the Edit Mode button and then F2 to select channel 10 This channel is usually dedicated to drum sounds when working with GM compatible synthesizers and sound modules The channel can also be assigned to the Octave lt and gt buttons by pressing the Edit Mode button and then C 2 This will allow the Octave lt and gt buttons to increment or decrement through the channels When channel 16 is reached and gt is pressed channel 1 will be selected If the Octave lt and gt keys are assigned to vary the channel the lights above the buttons will not change since it is not possible to have a channel with a negative value Pressing both the lt and gt buttons together will recall KeyStudio s def

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