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ON Semiconductor LM317 DATA SHEET(1)

1. WARE RAAN ARAN BRRERG ON Semiconductor 1 5 A Adjustable Output Positive Voltage Regulator LM317 is an adjustable 3 terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 1 5 A over an output voltage range of 1 2 V to 37 V This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage Further it employs internal current limiting thermal shutdown and safe area compensation making it essentially blow out proof The LM317 serves a wide variety of applications including local on card regulation This device can also be used to make a programmable output regulator or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output the LM317 can be used as a precision current regulator Output Current in Excess of 1 5 A Output Adjustable between 1 2 V and 37 V Internal Thermal Overload Protection Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Constant with Temperature Output Transistor Safe Area Compensation Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications Available in Surface Mount D PAK and Standard 3 Lead Transistor Package Eliminates Stocking many Fixed Voltages Standard Application Vin Vout LM317 Ry 240 Adjust cue Co 0 1 uF 1 0 uF s e O LM317 THREE TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATOR SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
2. 55 C FA 25 A 150 C 0 10 20 30 40 Vis Vou INPUT OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL Vdc Figure 10 Minimum Operating Current http onsemi com 5 LM317 100 Cagj 10 uF 120 100 z E Adj 10 WF 2 60 5 80 Adj Without 60 a amp g 40 15 Vout 10 V 20 f 120 Hz Ty 25 0 5 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 01 0 1 1 0 10 Vout OUTPUT VOLTAGE V lo OUTPUT CURRENT A Figure 11 Ripple Rejection versus Output Voltage Figure 12 Ripple Rejection versus Output Current 100 101 8 80 11 500 mA 15 z Vin 15V 10 E Vout 10V Vout 10 V 2 500 mA 60 Ty 25 C S Ty 25 C 101 uj E EOM B Without amp 5 20 p zi 10 HF KT 10 uF W
3. gt LM317 O f 120 Hz 240 d Adjust gt 2 A 1N4002 RL Vout 10 V Cin 0 1 uF Co 1 0 HF v e Ro nos 7j 10 pF 4 E D4 Discharges if output is shorted to Ground Figure 4 Ripple Rejection Test Circuit http onsemi com 4 LM317 AVout OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE 96 50 2 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Ty JUNCTION TEMPERATURE Figure 5 Load Regulation 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 ADJUSTMENT PIN CURRENT uA 35 50 235 0 2 50 75 100 125 150 Ty JUNCTION TEMPERATURE C Figure 7 Adjustment Pin Current 1 26 1 25 1 24 1 28 Vref REFERENCE VOLTAGE V 1 22 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Ty JUNCTION TEMPERATURE Figure 9 Temperature Stability out OUTPUT CURRENT Vin Vout INPUT OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL Vdc IB QUIESCENT CURRENT 0 10 20 30 40 Vin Vout INPUT OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL Vdc Figure 6 Current Limit 3 0 I AVout 100 mV IL 15A 2 5 2 0 50 25 0 2 50 75 100 125 150 Ty JUNCTION TEMPERATURE C Figure 8 Dropout Voltage
4. 0 110 2 04 2 79 S 0 045 0 055 1 15 1 39 0 235 0 255 5 97 6 47 U 0 000 0 050 0 00 1 27 V 0 045 1 15 2 0 080 2 04 NOTES 1 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14 5M 1982 2 CONTROLLING DIMENSION INCH 3 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS AAND K 4 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 4 5 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS MOLD FLASH AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED 0 025 0 635 MAXIMUM INCHES MILLIMETERS DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX A 0 386 0 403 9 804 10 236 B 0 356 0 368 9 042 9 347 C 0 170 0 180 4 318 4572 D 0 026 0 036 0 660 0 914 E 0 045 0 055 1443 1 397 F 0 051 REF 1 295 REF G 0 100 BSC 2 540 BSC H 0 539 0 579 13 691 14 707 J 0 125 MAX 3 175 MAX K 0 050 REF 1 270 REF L 0 000 0 010 0 000 0 254 M 0 088 0 102 2 285 2 591 N 0 018 0 026 0 457 0 660 P 0 058 0 078 1 473 1 981 R 5 REF 5 REF 5 0 116 REF 2 946 REF U 0 200 MIN 5 080 MIN 0 250 MIN 6 350 MIN LM317 Notes http onsemi com 11 LM317 ON Semiconductor and I are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries LLC SCILLC SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein SCILLC makes no warranty representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of
5. T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A Heatsink surface connected to Pin 2 Pin 1 Adjust 2 Vout 3 Vin CASE 936 D2PAK D2T SUFFIX lt PLASTIC PACKAGE 3 Heatsink surface shown as terminal 4 in case outline drawing is connected to Pin 2 ORDERING INFORMATION Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter Co is not needed for stability however it does improve transient response R Vout 125V 1 R lag Re Since lg is controlled to less than 100 uA the error associated with this term is negligible in most applications Semiconductor Components Industries LLC 2002 1 January 2002 Rev 3 Operating Device Temperature Range Package LM317BD2T Surface Mount Ty 40 to 125 C LM317BT Insertion Mount LM317D2T Surface Mount Ty 0 to 125 LM317T Insertion Mount Publication Order Number LM317 D LM317 MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit Input Output Voltage Differential Vi Vo 40 Vdc Power Dissipation Case 221A TA 25 Pp Internally Limited w Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient 65 C W Thermal Resistance Junction to Case 5 0 C W Case 936 D PAK TA 25 C Pp Internally Limited w Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient 70 C W Thermal Resistance Junction to Case 5 0 C W Operating Junction Temperature Ran
6. V f 120 Hz Note 4 4 RR dB Without CAgj _ 65 _ Cagj 10 uF 66 80 _ Long Term Stability Thigh Note 5 TA 25 C for 3 s _ 0 3 1 0 1 0 k Endpoint Measurements Hrs Thermal Resistance Junction to Case T Package Resc 5 0 _ C W NOTES 1 to Thigh 0 to 125 C for LM317T D2T to Thigh 40 to 125 C for LM317BT BD2T 2 Imax 1 5 A Pmax 20 W 3 Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature Changes in Vo due to heating effects must be taken into account separately Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used 4 when used is connected between the adjustment pin and ground 5 Since Long Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot 6 Power dissipation within an IC voltage regulator produces a temperature gradient on the die affecting individual IC components on the die These effects can be minimized by proper integrated circuit design and layout techniques Thermal Regulation is the effect of these temperature gradients on the output voltage and is expressed in percentage of output change per watt of power change in a specified time http onsemi com 2 LM317 Representative Schematic Diagram e O Vin 31 310 23
7. 0 ai 5 6k e 6 3V uN P e e v 13k 125k 12 4k 135 T 6 3V lae al 4 Fa A 4 D 105 63V 190 3 6k 5 8k2 1109 5 1k 12 5k 40 0 1 e e e e e e 9 e e 6 e e e O Vout Adjust This device contains 29 active transistors Vcc JC Pulse testing required 1 Duty Cycle is suggested VaV Line Regulation V W x100 L 7 oL VoL Vin Vout LM317 0 Adjust E 240 121 2 0 1 uF Co 1 0 pF RL Ro 1 bd O Figure 1 Line Regulation and AlAgjLine Test Circuit http onsemi com 3 V Vin Vout LM317 V L Xe Vo min Load RL Vo max Load max Load O Adjust 240 RL 1S1 IL min Load Cin 0 1 pF Co FF 1 0 uF gue e Pulse testing required Ro 1 Duty Cycle is suggested 1 ag e O f Vo min Load Vo max Load Load Regulation mV Vo min Load Vo max Load Load Regulation Vo Vo min Load x 100 Figure 2 Load Regulation and AlAgj Load Test Circuit Vin Vout O LM317 9 4 ladj Cin 0 1 uF Co 1 0 uF leer Ro 1 e e Pulse testing required To Calculate Ro Vout Iser Ro 1 250 V 1 Duty Cycle is suggested Assume lsgr 5 25 mA Figure 3 Standard Test Circuit 24V ae Vi Vout 22529
8. 10 15 20 25 30 L LENGTH OF COPPER mm Figure 19 D2PAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power Dissipation versus P C B Copper Length De 4 1 4002 V R Vi 2 V out Va LM317 PE a LM317 t Vou 32Vto40V Vint t 2 0A pF 240 jm 1 0 uF Adjust i Y i in Tantalum m gt Adjust 2 Current 10K y De 5 0k Voltage T 10 Limit 5 1N400 Adjust Adjust 1N4001 Qi D Diodes D4 and D and transistor Q gt are added to 213822 Y Ds Output Range 0 lt Vo lt 25 V allow adjustment of output voltage to 0 V Y D 0 lt 10 lt 1 5 3 Dg protects both LM317 s during an input short circuit 6 protects g an inp ircui 10V 0 144001 25640 10V Figure 20 Laboratory Power Supply with Adjustable Current Limit and Output Voltage http onsemi com 8 LM317 25 V Vout Ri O LNMN317 O lout Vis 1 25 Adjust D R2 Y 1N4001 100 v D gt 1N4001 To provide current limiting of lo to the system ground the source of the FET must be tied to a negative voltage below 1 25 V 2N5640 Ro lt we 6 t Omax 1055 DDS Veg Vo lt BVpss 1 25 V Vss limin Ipss lt lo lt 1 5 A As shown 0 lt l lt 1 0 A Figure 21 Adjustable Current Limiter 0 4 LM317 O 3 R2 MPS2907 10 uF F Figure 23 Slow Turn On Regulator D 4 1N4002 Vi
9. c capacitor on the output swamps this effect and insures stability Protection Diodes When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator Figure 18 shows the LM317 with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of 25 V or high capacitance values Co gt 25 HF CAgj gt 10 WF Diode D prevents from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit Diode D protects against capacitor CAq discharging through the IC during an output short circuit The combination of diodes D and D prevents Cag from discharging through the IC during an input short circuit D 4 144002 Vin Vout 9 317 Cn a A Co Adjust 1N4002 T Cad 9 bd bd Figure 18 Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes http onsemi com 7 LM317 80 I 3 5 Pp max for TA 50 3 0 E z 70 Free Air OF 5 Max Mounted gol N Vertically 2 0 oz Copper 1 c lt 5 aod ui Seles T 8 50 gt lt Minimum 2 N Size Pad L lt V 7 1 15 2 Raya 30 1 0 0 5 0
10. differential across the circuit which is important to performance and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible Vin Vout 0 4 LM317 ot O Vout Ri Vref Adjust O V IPR0G o 1 Adj Vout Vret 1 25 V Typical Figure 17 Basic Circuit Configuration Load Regulation The LM317 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance For best performance the programming resistor should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference thereby degrading regulation The ground end of can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation External Capacitors A 0 1 disc or 1 0 WF tantalum input bypass capacitor Cin is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection This capacitor CAqj prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased 10puF capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application Although the LM317 is stable with no output capacitance like any feedback circuit certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing An output capacitance Co in the form of a 1 0 uF tantalum or 25 uF aluminum electrolyti
11. ge Ty 40 to 125 Storage Temperature Range Tstg 65 to 150 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Vi Vo 5 0 V lo 0 5 A for D2T and packages Ty Tiow to Thigh Note 1 Imax and Pmax Note 2 unless otherwise noted Characteristics Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Line Regulation Note 3 TA 25 C 3 0 V lt V Vo lt 40 V 1 Regiine _ 0 01 0 04 IN Load Regulation Note 3 Ta 25 C 10 mA lo Imax 2 ReQload Vo lt 5 0 V _ 5 0 25 mV Vo2 5 0 V _ 0 1 0 5 Vo Thermal Regulation TA 25 C Note 6 20 ms Pulse Regiherm 0 03 0 07 Adjustment Pin Current 3 lAgj 50 100 uA Adjustment Pin Current Change 2 5 V lt lt 40 V 1 2 Aladj 0 2 5 0 uA 10 mA lj Imax Pp lt Pmax Reference Voltage 3 0 V x lt 40 V 3 Vref 1 2 1 25 1 3 V 10 mA lt lo Imax Pp Pmax Line Regulation Note 3 3 0 V lt V Vo lt 40 V 1 Regiine _ 0 02 0 07 V Load Regulation Note 3 10 mA lt lo lt Imax 2 Regioad Vo lt 5 0 V _ 20 70 mV Vo 25 0 V _ 0 3 1 5 Vo Temperature Stability lt Ty lt Thigh 3 Ts _ 0 7 _ Vo Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation Vi Vo 40 V 3 IL min 3 5 10 Maximum Output Current 3 Imax A Vi Vo 15 V Pp lt Pmax T Package 1 5 2 2 Vi Vo 40 V Pp Pmax TA 25 C T Package 0 15 0 4 _ RMS Noise of Vo TA 25 C 10 Hz lt f lt 10 kHz N _ 0 003 _ Vo Ripple Rejection Vo 10
12. ithout 0 1073 100 10k 10k 100k 1 0M 10M 10 100 10k 10k 100 k 1 0M f FREQUENCY Hz f FREQUENCY Hz Figure 13 Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 14 Output Impedance 5 30 Z lt 20 20 5 lt ZZ au 0 2 s EH 9 2 0 n 0 3 0 ithout Ca INL 50 mA cu Adj zzi az 10 so Sai tr 0 5 4g 8 0 0 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 t TIME us t TIME us Figure 15 Line Transient Response http onsemi com 6 Figure 16 Load Transient Response LM317 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Basic Circuit Operation The LM317 is a 3 terminal floating regulator In operation the LM317 develops and maintains a nominal 1 25 V reference Vref between its output and adjustment terminals This reference voltage is converted to a programming current by RI see Figure 17 and this constant current flows through R to ground The regulated output voltage is given by Ro Vout Vref 1 Ri dj Ro Since the current from the adjustment terminal laaj represents an error term in the equation the LM317 was designed to control IAq to less than 100 and keep it constant To do this all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current If the load current is less than this minimum the output voltage will rise Since the LM317 is a floating regulator it is only the voltage
13. its products for any particular purpose nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit and specifically disclaims any and all liability including without limitation special consequential or incidental damages Typical parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time All operating parameters including Typicals must be validated for each customer application by customer s technical experts SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others SCILLC products are not designed intended or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body or other applications intended to support or sustain life or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers employees subsidiaries affiliates and distributors harmless against all claims costs damages and expenses and reasonable attorney fees arising out of directly or indirectly any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use even if such claim alleges that was negligent regarding the de
14. n Vout LM317 120 1 0 uF Adjust 7 MPS2222 720 a TIL 10k Control I Minimum Vout 1 25 V D4 protects the device during an input short circuit Figure 22 5 0 V Electronic Shutdown Regulator 0 LM317 o o Adjust dejo 10 mA lout lt 1 5 A Figure 24 Current Regulator http onsemi com 9 0 010 0 254 4 LM317 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221 09 ISSUE AA Bap gt T gt lt Ww U R J D2T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE OPTIONAL CHAMFER E CASE 936 03 D2PAK ISSUE B TERMINAL 4 T http onsemi com 10 NOTI 1 2 3 ES DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14 5M 1982 CONTROLLING DIMENSION INCH DIMENSION Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED INCHES MILLIMETERS DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX A 0 570 0 620 14 48 15 75 B 0 380 0 405 9 66 10 28 C 0 160 0 190 4 07 4 82 D 0 025 0 035 0 64 0 88 F 0 142 0 147 3 61 3 73 G 0 095 0 105 2 42 2 66 H 0 110 0 155 2 80 3 93 J 0 018 0 025 0 46 0 64 K 0 500 0 562 12 70 14 27 L 0 045 0 060 1 15 1 52 N 0 190 0 210 4 83 5 33 Q 0 100 0 120 2 54 3 04 R 0 080
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ON Semiconductor LM317 DATA SHEET(1)

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