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LINKSYS WAP11 user manual

1. Short Preamble Long Preamble C Open System Shared Key Both C Left Antenna Right Antenna Diversity Antenna Enable Disable root cancel Hob Figure 6 13 Before making any changes to the Wireless tab shown in Figure 6 13 please check your wireless settings on your other systems as these changes will alter the effectiveness of the Access Point In most cases these wireless settings do not need to be changed Beacon Interval This value indicates the frequency interval of the beacon A beacon is a packet broadcast by the Access Point to keep the network syn chronized A beacon includes the wireless LAN service area the AP address the Broadcast destination addresses a time stamp Delivery Traffic Indicator Maps and the Traffic Indicator Message TIM 29 30 Instant Wireless Series RTS Threshold This value should remain at its default setting of 2346 Should you encounter inconsistent data flow only minor reductions are rec ommended Fragmentation Threshold This value specifies the maximum size for a packet before data is fragmented into multiple packets It should remain at its default setting of 2346 A smaller setting means smaller packets which will create more packets for each transmission Only minor reductions of this value are recommended DTIM Interval This value indicates the interval of the Delivery Traffic Indication Message DTIM A DTIM field is a countdown field infor
2. trator 8 When the Network window reappears click the OK button Restart your machine TCP IP has now been successfully installed 37 TCP IP Setup for Windows 2000 l 38 Instant Wireless Series At the Windows 2000 desktop right click My Network Places Then right click Local Area Connection Choose Properties If the TCP IP Protocol is listed for your network adapter go to step five Otherwise click the Install button When the Component Type window appears select Protocol and click the Install button Select Internet Protocol TCP IP from the list and click the OK button When the Network window reappears select TCP IP and click the Properties button Select Use the following IP Address Enter an IP Address for the computer along with a Subnet Mask and Default Gateway Then click the OK button If you do not have these val ues consult your network administrator When the Network window reappears click the OK button Restart your computer TCP IP has now been successfully installed Wireless Network Access Point TCP IP Setup for Windows XP l At the Windows XP desktop click Start Then click the Control Panel icon Click Network and Internet Connections Click Network Connections Then double click the appropriate Local Area Connection and click the Properties button If the TCP IP Protocol is listed for your network adapter go to step five Otherwise click the Install button
3. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PROD UCT FROM DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM AGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFT WARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT Linksys makes no warranty or representation expressed implied or statuto ry with respect to its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accompanying software and specifically disclaims its quality performance mer chantability or fitness for any particular purpose Linksys reserves the right to revise or update its products software or documentation without obligation to notify any individ ual or entity Please direct all inquiries to Linksys P O Box 18558 Irvine CA 92623 FCC STATEMENT This product has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide rea sonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equip ment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used according to the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communi cations However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which is found by turning the
4. sion statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data without the need for retransmission To an unintended receiver DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected ignored by most narrowband receivers Wireless Network Access Point Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air Instant Wireless products feature two fold protection in security On the hard ware side as with Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum technology it has the inherent security feature of scrambling On the software side Instant Wireless products offer the encryption function WEP to enhance security and access control Users can set it up depending upon their needs Can Instant Wireless products support file and printer sharing Instant Wireless products perform the same function as LAN products Therefore Instant Wireless products can work with NetWare Windows NT 2000 or other LAN operating systems to support printer or file sharing What is WEP WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy a data privacy mechanism based on a 40 64 bit shared key algorithm as described in the IEEE 802 11 standard What is a MAC Address The Media Access Control MAC address is a unique number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device such as a network adapter that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level For all practical pur poses this number is usually permanent Unlike IP addresses which c
5. DBMS Application software is any program that processes data for the user A common misconception is that software is data It is not Software tells the hardware how to process the data SOHO Small Office Home Office Market segment of professionals who work at home or in small offices Spread Spectrum Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequen cy technique developed by the military for use in reliable secure mission crit ical communications systems It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability integrity and security In other words more bandwidth is con sumed than in the case of narrowband transmission but the trade off produces a signal that is in effect louder and thus easier to detect provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread spectrum signal being broadcast If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency a spread spectrum signal looks like background noise There are two main alternatives Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSS SSID Service Set Identifier A unique name shared among all points in a wireless network The SSID must be identical for each point in the wireless network and is case sensitive Also known as ESSID Static IP Address A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in an IP or a TCP IP network Subnet Mask The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of sub groups o
6. Security Optional Wied Equivalent Privacy WEP is an encryption method used to Sedurre your wireless network I you wish lo use WEP cach Pt FaSepieaaS LZ Plage choot one of tha three WEP spores or Deeabiod if you choose not fo ute WEP encryption A higher krel ol ererypion 64 or 12 equals greater cecunty The defaull cating foe WEP ii Disabled Type the passphrase thal wil be used to generate the WEP key The passphrase is case senalive and should mol be longer than 15 characters Re Era PIDDE PP ea ear Ta DR ppon barrel screen after cicking Next To manually ent a WEP boy select a WEP laure the Pasaphrase opie hank Cici Masi al ander veus WER Nay Ga era BAEAN See LAS assph ase Figure 5 7 e WEP Disable 64 bit 10 hex digits 128 bit 26 hex digits In order to utilize WEP encryption select the WEP setting from the pull down menu 64 bit 10 hex digits or 128 bit 26 hex digits If you do not wish to utilize WEP encryption make sure Disabled is selected The Access Point s WEP encryption is unique to Linksys and may conflict with other vendors WEP encryption Passphrase Instead of manually entering WEP keys you can enter a Passphrase This Passphrase is used to generate one or more WEP keys It is case sensitive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric char acters The Passphrase function is compatible with Linksys wireless products only If you want to communicate with non Linksys wireless pr
7. Select Protocol and then click the Add button Select Internet Protocol TCP IP from the list and click the OK button Select TCP IP and click the Properties button Select Use the following IP Address Enter an IP address for the computer along with a Subnet mask and Default gateway address Then click the OK button If you do not have these val ues consult your network administrator When you re finished click the Close button Restart your computer TCP IP has now been successfully installed 39 40 Instant Wireless Series Appendix C Glossary Adapter Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or connectivity to a PC In a networked environment a network interface card is the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and or Internet Ad hoc Network An ad hoc network is a group of computers each with a wireless adapter connected as an independent 802 11 wireless LAN Ad hoc wireless computers operate on a peer to peer basis communicating directly with each other without the use of an access point Ad hoc mode is also referred to as an Independent Basic Service Set IBSS or as peer to peer mode and is useful at a departmental scale or SOHO operation Backbone The part of a network that connects most of the systems and net works together and handles the most data Bandwidth The transmission capacity of a given facility in terms of how much dat
8. Instant Wireless Series Obtain an IP Address Automatically Click this radio button to allow the Access Point to obtain a dynamic IP address from a DHCP server Specify an IP Address This IP address must be unique to your network We suggest you use the default IP address of 192 168 1 251 As this is a pri vate IP address there is no need to purchase a separate IP address from your service provider Verify the address and click the Apply button to save changes Subnet Mask The Access Point s Subnet Mask or IP Mask must be the same as your Ethernet network Verify this is correct and click the Apply button to set it Gateway If you have assigned a static IP address to the Access Point then enter the IP address of your network s Gateway such as a router in the Gateway field If your network does not have a Gateway then leave this field blank LA Linksys Ty ee This screen contains all of the AP s basic setup functions Most users will be able to use the AP s default settings without making any S ETU P changes If you require help during configuration please see the user guide Firmware Version v1 07 April 16 2003 AP Name Linksys WAPT1 LAN IP Address MAC Address 00 06 25 24 9d 78 Obtain an IP Address Automatically Specify an IP Address 192 fies h Rest Subnet Mask 255 255 255 jo Gateway fo fo fo 0 Wireless HAT Address 00 00 75 24 Md 38 SSID linksys C
9. a Basic Service Set BSS A set of two or more BSS in a single network is referred to as an Extended Service Set ESS Infrastructure mode is useful at a corporation scale or when it is necessary to connect the wired and wireless networks IP Address In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol Internet Protocol today an IP address 1s a 32 binary digit number that identi fies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packet across the Internet When you request an HTML page or send e mail the Internet Protocol part of TCP IP includes your IP address in the message actually in each of the packets if more than one is required and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the e mail address you re sending a note to At the other end the recipient can see the IP address of the Web page requestor or the e mail sender and can respond by sending another message using the IP address it received ISM band The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U S have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band Spectrum in the vicinity of 2 4 GHz in particular is being made avail able worldwide This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place con venient high speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe LAN A local area network LAN is a group of comput
10. a con nection to the Internet an IP address must be assigned to each machine Without DHCP the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and if computers move to another location in another part of the network a new IP address must be entered DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and dis tribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network DHCP uses the concept of a lease or amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a computer The lease time can vary depending on how long a user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location It s espe cially useful in education and other environments where users change fre quently Using very short leases DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses 41 42 Instant Wireless Series DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that need a permanent IP address Download To receive a file transmitted over a network In a communications session download means receive upload means transmit Driver workstation or server software module that provides an interface between a device and the upper layer protocol software running in the comput er it is designed for a specific device and is installed during the initial instal lation of a network compa
11. equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment or devices e Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver s e Consult a dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for assistance FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator and your body INDUSTRY CANADA CANADA This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES 008 Cet appareil num rique de la classe B est conforme a la norme NMB 003 du Canada The use of this device in a system operating either partially or completely outdoors may require the user to obtain a license for the system according to the Canadian regulations EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY EUROPE Linksys Group declares that the Instant Wireless Series products included in the Instant Wireless Series conform to the specifications listed below following the provisions of the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC and Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC e ETS 300 826 301 489 1 General EMC requirements for Radio equipment e EN 609 50 Safety e ETS 300 328 2 Technical requirements for Radio equipment Note This equipment is intended to be used in all EU and EFTA co
12. from the Setup tab of this Web based Utility is displayed here e Channel The wireless channel shared by all wireless devices connected to this Access Point is displayed here e Send and Recv The Send and Recy fields display the number of success ful or dropped packets that have been sent or received Some packet loss 1s normal in wireless networking Wireless Network Access Point The Log Tab To view a log of the Access Point s activity select the Log tab shown in Figure 6 10 LA Linksys CS MT Using this page to Enable or Disable logging Log weak C Enable Disable Send Log to fi 92 fi 6o fi i foo Cancel Help Figure 6 10 To enable permanent logging activity click the Enable radio button beside Access Log The default setting for this function is Disable If you have chosen to monitor the Access Point s traffic then you can designate a PC that will recetve permanent log files periodically In the Send Log to field enter the IP address of this PC To view these permanent logs you must use Logviewer software which can be downloaded free of charge from www linksys com To see a temporary log of the Access Point s most recent activities click the View Log button Click the Apply button to apply your changes or Cancel to cancel your changes If you require online help click the Help button 29 Instant Wireless Series The Help Tab 26 For help on the various tabs in this W
13. met verkoper voor juiste procedure WAP11_V2 6 UG 30605E JL Wireless Network Access Point Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction The Instant Wireless Network Access Point Features Chapter 2 Planning Your Wireless Network Network Topology Ad Hoc versus Infrastructure Mode Chapter 3 Getting to Know the Wireless Network Access Point The Wireless Network Access Point s Ports The Wireless Network Access Point s LEDs Chapter 4 Connecting the Wireless Network Access Point Chapter 5 Setting Up the Wireless Network Access Point Chapter 6 Configuring the Wireless Network Access Point The Setup Tab The Password Tab The Status Tab The Log Tab The Help Tab The Filter Tab The Wireless Tab Appendix A Troubleshooting Common Problems and Solutions Frequently Asked Questions Appendix B Setting Up the TCP IP Protocol Setting Up TCP IP in Windows TCP IP Setup for Windows 98 and Millennium TCP IP Setup for Windows 2000 TCP IP Setup for Windows XP NO np 15 15 22 25 25 26 27 29 32 32 32 36 36 a 38 39 Instant Wireless Series Wireless Network Access Point Chapter 1 Introduction The Instant Wireless Network Access Point Set your network free The Wireless Access Point from Linksys connects wire Appendix C Glossary 40 less computers to your wired network so you can add PCs to the network with a no cabling hassle Create a wireless bubble in that hard to wire off
14. ons Wireless Access Pani catch wil haro to be conbeurnod enduit Links sys WAPI Firmware Version these sattings or No EP Address iT you wank lo keep less sotlings MAC Address 510 Chanel WLP Serian Hed La Figure 5 3 On the Enter Network Password screen enter the default password admin in the Password field Then click the OK button For added security remember to change this password later through the Web based Utility s Password screen Enter Network Password xj IP Address 1921681251 AFP Name Linksys WAPI1 Password OK Cancel The default password is admin You will use this password later to access the Web Based Utility For enhanced security change this password through the Web Based Utility s Password page Figure 5 4 Instant Wireless Series Wireless Network Access Point 6 As shown in Figure 5 5 the ZP Settings screen will appear next Enter an IP T Address and Subnet Mask appropriate to your network Then enter a unique name in the AP Name field Click the Next button to continue or Back to return to the previous page As shown in Figure 5 6 the Basic Settings screen will now appear Enter your wireless network s SSID and select the channel at which the network broadcasts its wireless signal Then click the Next button to continue or Back to return to the previous page LA Linksys Instant Wireless Series LA Linksys instant Wirehess Series Wireless Access Poin
15. where a network cable is connected are located on the Access Point s rear panel Figure 3 2 Power Red The Power LED lights up when the Access Point is powered on ACT Green If the LED is flickering the Access Point is actively sending or receiving data to or from one of the devices on the Figure 3 1 wireless network Dipole Antenna LINK Orange The LINK LED serves two purposes If the LED is Connectors These two round connections are where the antennas are continuously lit up the Access Point is successfully connect connected to the Access Point ed to a device through the LAN port If the LED is flicker ing it is an indication of any wired network activity LAN This LAN Local Area Network port connects to Ethernet network devices such as a hub switch or router Power The Power port is where you will connect the power adapter Reset Button There are two ways to reset the Access Point s factory defaults Briefly press the Reset Button for approximately ten seconds or use the Password tab of the Access Point s Web based Utility Important Resetting the Access Point will erase all of your settings WEP Encryption Wireless and LAN settings etc and replace them with the factory defaults Instant Wireless Series Chapter 4 Connecting the Wireless Network Access Point 1 Locate an optimum location for the Access Point The best place for the Access Point is usually at the center of your wireless network
16. with line of sight to all of your mobile stations 2 Fix the direction of the antenna Try to place it in a position which can best cover your wireless network Normally the higher you place the antenna the better the performance will be The antenna s position enhances the receiving sensitivity Both antennas should be perpendicular to the ground and parallel to each other 3 Connect the included Category 5 Ethernet network cable to the Access Point Then connect the other end of the Ethernet cable to a switch or hub The Access Point will then be connected to your 10 100 network 4 Connect the AC power adapter to the Access Point s Power port Only use the power adapter supplied with the Access Point Use of a different adapter may result in product damage Now that the hardware installation is complete proceed to Chapter 5 Setting Up the Wireless Network Access Point for directions on how to set up the Access Point Note In order for all other wireless devices to communicate with the Access Point those devices must be operating in the infrastruc ture mode If any wireless devices are configured in the ad hoc mode they will not be recognized by the Access Point Wireless Network Access Point Chapter 5 Setting Up the Wireless Network Access Point Have You Connected the Access Point to a hub switch or router on your wired network as shown in Chapter 4 Connecting the Wireless Network Access Poi
17. EP Key Bits 64 128 bit Environmental 48 Dimensions 7 32 X 6 06 x 1 89 186 mm x 154 mm x 48 mm Power DC 5V 2 5 A Certifications FCC Class B CE Mark Operating Temp 0 C to 40 C Storage Temp 20 C to 70 C Operating Humidity 10 to 80 Non Condensing Storage Humidity 5 to 90 Non Condensing Wireless Network Access Point Appendix E Warranty Information BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE FROM THE PRODUCT S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS S LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL INCI DENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT LINKSYS OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS A FASTER PROCESS FOR PRO CESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT LINKSYS PAYS FOR UPS GROUND ONLY ALL CUSTOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES PLEASE CALL LINKSYS FOR MORE DETAILS 49 90 Instant Wireless Series Appendix F Contact Information For help with the installation or operation of this product contact Linksys Technical Support at one of the phone numbers or Internet addresses below Sales Information 800 546 5797 LINKSYS Technical Support 800 326 7114 RMA Return Merchan
18. Instant Wireless Series Wireless Network Access Point COPYRIGHT amp TRADEMARKS Copyright 2003 Linksys All Rights Reserved Instant Wireless Linksys and the Linksys logo are registered trademarks of Linksys Group Inc Microsoft Windows and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation All other trade marks and brand names are the property of their respective proprietors LIMITED WARRANTY Linksys guarantees that every Wireless Network Access Point is free from physical defects in material and workmanship under normal use for one year from the date of pur chase when used within the limits set forth in the Specifications chapter of this User Guide This Warranty is valid and may be processed only in the country of purchase If the product proves defective during this warranty period go to the Linksys website at www linksys com for complete RMA Return Merchandise Authorization assistance You can also call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a RMA Number BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE FROM THE PRODUCT S PACK AGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE When returning a product mark the RMA Number clearly on the outside of the package and include a copy of your original proof of pur chase All customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges
19. a the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time expressed in bits per second bps Beacon Interval A beacon is a packet broadcast by the Access Point to keep the network synchronized A beacon includes the wireless LAN service area the AP address the Broadcast destination addresses a time stamp Delivery Traffic Indicator Maps and the Traffic Indicator Message TIM Bit A binary digit The value 0 or l used in the binary numbering system Also the smallest form of data Browser A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC The word browser seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user interfaces that let you browse text files online BSS Basic Service Set An infrastructure network connecting wireless devices to a wired network using a single access point Buffer A buffer is a shared or assigned memory area used by hardware devices or program processes that operate at different speeds or with different sets of priorities The buffer allows each device or process to operate without Wireless Network Access Point being held up by the other In order for a buffer to be effective the size of the buffer and the algorithms for moving data into and out of the buffer need to be considered by the buffer designer Like a cache a buffer is a midpoint holding place but exists not so much to accelerate the s
20. ality of your Internet connection To upgrade the Access Point s firmware 1 Download the firmware upgrade file from the Linksys website 2 Extract the firmware upgrade file 3 Click the Upgrade Firmware button on the Help screen 4 Enter the location of the firmware upgrade file in the File Path field or click the Browse button to find the firmware upgrade file 5 Double click the firmware upgrade file 6 Click the Upgrade button and follow the on screen instructions Click the Cancel button to cancel the firmware upgrade The Filter Tab To access the Filter tab first click the Advanced tab The Filter tab shown in Figure 6 12 allows you to control which computers may or may not commu nicate with the Access Point depending on their MAC addresses To enable filtering of computers by their MAC Addresses click the Enable radio button To disable this feature click the Disable radio button Next determine if the Access Point will deny access only to the MAC address es you will specify OR if the Access Point will allow access only to the MAC Addresses you will specify Click the radio button next to the option that is appropriate Above the MAC Address fields there is a pull down menu This pull down menu is for selecting the number of computers on your wireless network For computers one through ten on your wireless network 1 10 is selected by default If you have more than ten computers on your wireless n
21. an change every time a computer logs on to the network the MAC address of a device stays the same making it a valuable identifier for the network 35 Setting Up TCP IP in Windows 36 Instant Wireless Series Appendix B Setting Up the TCP IP Protocol Before a computer can communicate with the Access Point it must be config ured with the TCP IP protocol If you know how to set up TCP IP on your com puters do so now Otherwise use the guidelines below to help get TCP IP installed on all of the computers that need to communicate with the Access Point If you are unable to successfully install TCP IP on one or more comput ers after following the directions contact the manufacturer of your computer s network operating system for further assistance Check with your network administrator for your TCP IP settings The directions below provide general guidelines for coming up with IP address es and subnet masks Check with your network administrator to see 1f you need to use specific IP addresses or DHCP settings First each computer on the network will require an IP address which is a series of numbers separated by periods identifying the PC on the network To make things simple it is recommended you use the following numbering scheme 192 168 1 X In this example X is a unique arbitrarily assigned number from to 254 Each computer must have its own unique X number Note Never use 0 or 255 for X These numbers are res
22. ccess Point Client When set to Access Point Client mode the Access Point Client is able to talk to one remote access point within its range This mode allows the Access Point Client to act as a client of a remote access point The Access Point Client cannot communicate directly with any wire less clients A separate network attached to the Access Point Client can then be wirelessly bridged to the remote access point Enter the required LAN MAC address of the remote access point in the Remote AP MAC Address field e Wireless Bridge If you are trying to make a wireless connection between two wired networks as shown in Figure 6 5 select Wireless Bridge This mode connects two physically separated wired networks with two access points To configure a Wireless Bridge environment click Wireless Bridge and enter the LAN MAC address of the remote access point in the Remote Bridge MAC Address field The remote access point also needs to be set up as a Wireless Bridge Note All devices on each wired network must be connected through a hub or switch Note In Wireless Bridge mode the Access Point can ONLY be accessed by another access point in Wireless Bridge mode In order for your other wireless devices to access the Access Point you must reset it to Access Point mode The two modes are mutually exclusive Figure 6 5 19 20 Instant Wireless Series Wireless Bridge Point to MultiPoint If you are trying to make a wirele
23. ctor that holds up to eight wires used for connecting Ethernet devices Roaming In an infrastructure mode wireless network this refers to the abili ty to move out of one access point s range and into another and transparently reassociate and reauthenticate to the new access point This reassociation and reauthentication should occur without user intervention and ideally without interruption to network connectivity A typical scenario would be a location with multiple access points where users can physically relocate from one area to another and easily maintain connectivity Router Protocol dependent device that connects subnetworks together Routers are useful in breaking down a very large network into smaller subnet works they introduce longer delays and typically have much lower throughput rates than bridges RTS Request To Send An RS 232 signal sent from the transmitting station to the receiving station requesting permission to transmit Server Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files printing communications and other services 45 46 Instant Wireless Series Software Instructions for the computer A series of instructions that performs a particular task is called a program The two major categories of software are system software and application software System software is made up of control programs such as the operating system and database management sys tem
24. dise Authorization Issues www linksys com or call 949 271 5461 Fax 949 265 6655 E mail support linksys com Web http www linksys com FTP Site ftp linksys com la TL http www linksys com YS Copyright 2003 Linksys All Rights Reserved
25. e utilisation publique l ext rieur de b timents une licence de l IBPT est requise Pour les enregistrements et licences veuillez contacter l IBPT France F Bande de fr quence restreinte seuls les canaux 10 11 12 13 2457 2462 2467 et 2472 MHz respectivement doivent tre utilis s en France Toute util isation qu elle soit int rieure ou ext rieure est soumise autorisation Vous pouvez contacter l Autorit de R gulation des T l communiations http www art telecom fr pour la proc dure suivre France F Restricted frequency band only channels 10 11 12 13 2457 2462 2467 and 2472 MHz respectively may be used in France License required for every indoor and outdoor installations Please contact ART for procedure to follow Deutschland D Anmeldung im Outdoor Bereich notwending aber nicht genehmi gungspflichtig Bitte mit Handler die Vorgehensweise abstimmen Germany D License required for outdoor installations Check with reseller for proce dure to follow Italia E necessaria la concessione ministeriale anche per l uso interno Verificare con i rivenditori la procedura da seguire L uso per installazione in esterni non e per messa Italy l License required for indoor use Use with outdoor installations not allowed the Netherlands NL License required for outdoor installations Check with reseller for procedure to follow Nederlands NL Licentie verplicht voor gebruik met buitenantennes Neem contact op
26. eb based Utility along with upgrading the Access Point s firmware and viewing this User Guide click the Help tab shown in Figure 6 11 The help files for the various tabs in this Web based Utility are listed by tab name on the lefthand side of the screen O UNKSYS even rm TARO paeem Online Resources Linksys Website Online manual in PDF format Adobe Website to obtain a PDF reader if required Upgrade Firmware Figure 6 11 Click the Linksys Website link to connect to the Linksys homepage for Knowledgebase help files and information about other Linksys products pro vided you have an active Internet connection For an Online manual in PDF format click that text link The User Guide will appear in Adobe pdf format If you do not have the Adobe PDF Reader installed on your computer click the Adobe Website link or go to the Setup Wizard CD ROM to download this software To access the Adobe website you will need an active Internet connection To download from the CD ROM click the Start but ton and select Run Type D Acrobat if D is the letter of your CD ROM drive Wireless Network Access Point New firmware versions are posted at www linksys com and can be downloaded for free If the Access Point is not experiencing difficulties then there is no need to download a more recent firmware version unless that version has a new feature that you want to use Loading new firmware does not always enhance the speed or qu
27. elow bagi COCA HEX Passphrase D Coat foo fo fo fo foo oo po po fpo po ER fpo fpo fo fo Ora po oo fpo po foo Default TX Key M Apply Undo Figure 6 4 There are two ways to create WEP encryption keys The first method is by typ ing a Passphrase into that field and clicking the Generate button This will generate WEP encryption keys based upon that passphrase A second method is to manually enter the WEP encryption keys in the available fields Click the Clear button to clear the Passphrase and Key 1 4 fields In the Default TX Key drop down menu select the number of the key you want to use Click the Apply button to apply your changes or click Undo to cancel your most recent change SETTING THE AP MODE The Access Point offers five modes of operation Access Point Access Point Client Wireless Bridge Wireless Bridge Point to MultiPoint and Wireless Repeater For all bridging modes as well as Wireless Repeater mode make sure the channel SSID and WEP keys are the same Note For all modes of operation EXCEPT Access Point the remote access point must be a second Linksys Wireless Network Access Point WAP11 The Access Point will not communicate with any other kind of remote access point e Access Point The Operational Mode is set to Access Point by default This connects your wireless PCs to a wired network In most cases no change is necessary Wireless Network Access Point e A
28. ers and associated devices that share a common communications line and typically share the resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area for example within an office building MAC Media Access Control Address A unique number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device such as a network adapter that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level Mbps MegaBits Per Second One million bits per second unit of measure ment for data transmission Multicasting Sending data to a group of nodes instead of a single destination Wireless Network Access Point Network A system that transmits any combination of voice video and or data between users Node A network junction or connection point typically a computer or work station Packet A unit of data routed between an origin and a destination in a network Passphrase Used much like a password a passphrase simplifies the WEP encryption process by automatically generating the WEP encryption keys for Linksys products PC Card A credit card sized removable module that contains memory I O or a hard disk Port A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device such as a switch or router For example the serial and parallel ports on a personal com puter are external sockets for plugging in communications lines modems and printers RJ 45 Registered Jack 45 A connector similar to a telephone conne
29. erved by TCP IP for other uses For example if you have three computers you could number them as follows 192 168 1 17 192 168 1 44 192 168 1 126 In this case 17 44 and 126 are arbitrary numbers between 1 and 254 Each computer will also require a subnet mask which is a numerical filter that tells a computer what kinds of TCP IP data packets to accept If you re not sure which mask to use the following mask is recommended 255 255 255 0 Wireless Network Access Point The following instructions are provided as examples for reference only For complete instructions on installing and troubleshooting TCP IP consult your Windows operating system documentation TCP IP Setup for Windows 98 and Millennium 1 Click the Start button and select Settings Open the Control Panel Inside the Control Panel double click the Network icon 2 Ifthe TCP IP Protocol is listed for your network adapter go to step five Otherwise click the Add button 3 When the Component Type window appears select Protocol and click the Add button 4 Select Microsoft in the Manufacturers list and choose TCP IP in the Network Protocols list Then click the OK button 5 When the Network window reappears click TCP IP and then click the Properties button 6 Select Specify an IP Address 7 Enter an IP Address for the computer along with a Subnet Mask Click the OK button If you do not have these values consult your network adminis
30. etting button to configure the WEP settings SETTING WEP ENCRYPTION If the Disable radio button is selected and you click the WEP Key Setting button then the screen shown in Figure 6 3 will appear Click the OK button to enable TS WEP encryption or Cancel to return to the Setup screen 2 Do vou want change WEP status to Mandatory Figure 6 3 Set WEP Encryption through the Web based Utility by clicking the WEP Key Setting button on the Setup screen as shown in Figure 6 2 This will open the WEP Key Setting screen Figure 6 4 From this screen you can select the type of WEP encryption to use and set the Passphrase for that encryption From the pull down menu at the top of the screen select 64 bit or 128 bit WEP encryption The Mode pull down menu will allow you to set the Passphrase in hexadecimal or ASCII characters Hexadecimal characters on your keyboard are the letters A through F and the numbers 0 through 9 while ASCII characters are any character on your keyboard Important Always remember that each point in your wireless net work MUST use the same WEP encryption method and encryption key or else your wireless network will not function properly 18 Instant Wireless Series BE Lu Key Seething Hicrorolt Internet Explorer provided by America Ondine To create a naw WEP key ether enter 3 passphrase and press the generate Button or enter the key elements into the table b
31. etwork use this pull down menu to select 11 20 21 30 etc up to a maximum of 50 MAC Addresses at Instant Wireless Series WW LINKSYS Filters enable you to prevent certain PCs on your network from accessing your device Filter mech Toe tele C Enabled Disabled Only deny PCs with MAC listed below to access device Only allow PCs with MAC listed below to access device i 10 z MAC 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC 5 MAC 6 MAC 7 MAC 8 MAC 9 MAC 10 Apply Undo Help Figure 6 12 Then type the MAC Address es you wish to filter in the MAC Address fields When you ve completed making any changes on this tab click the Apply but ton to save those changes or Undo to cancel your changes For more informa tion on this tab click the Help button Wireless Network Access Point The Wireless Tab LA LUuniksys WIRELESS Beacon Interval RTS Threshold Fragmentation Threshold DTIM Interval Hasic Rates Transmission Rates Preamble Type Authentication Type Antenna Selection SSID Broadcast Wireless The advance Wireless Setting includes Beacon Interval RTS Threshold Fragmentation OTIM interval Rates Authentication Type etc 100 msec range 1 1000 default 100 2346 range 256 2346 default 2346 2346 range 256 2346 default 2346 even number only 3 range 1 65535 default 3 C 1 2 Mbps 1 2 5 5 11 Mbps C 1 2 Mbps 1 2 5 5 11 Mbps
32. h as a print er with the wired network computers the wireless network should be set up in infrastructure mode See Figure 2 1 The basis of infrastructure mode centers around an access point which serves Figure 2 1 as the main point of com munications in a wireless network Access points transmit data to PCs equipped with wireless network cards which can roam within a certain radial range of the access point Multiple access points can be arranged to work in succession to extend the roaming range and can be set up to communicate with your Ethernet wired hardware as well Wireless Network Access Point If the wireless network is relatively small and needs to share resources only with the other computers on the wireless network then the ad hoc mode can be used See Figure 2 2 Ad hoc mode allows computers equipped with wire less transmitters and receivers to communicate directly with each other elimi nating the need for an access point The drawback of this mode is that in Ad Hoc mode wireless equipped computers are not able to communicate with computers on a wired network And of course communication between the wireless equipped computers is limited by the distance and interference direct ly between them Figure 2 2 Instant Wireless Series Wireless Network Access Point Chapter 3 Getting to Know the Wireless Network Access Point SA 7 A GHz instant Wireless Series The Access Point s ports
33. hannel E Domain USA WEP E Mandatory Disable WEP Key Seting AP Mode Access Point Access Paint Client Remote AP MAC Address D Wireless Bridge Remote Bridge MAC Address Wireless Bridge Point to MultiPoint C Wireless Repeater Remote AP MAC Address C When set to Access Point Client Wireless Bridge Wireless Bridge Poirt to MultiPoint or Wireless Repeater mode the device will only communicate with another WAP 11 ver 2 6 WAP 11 ver 2 2 or WAP 11 Backup Restore LE din Click Backup to store Access Point configuration on your local PC SOUTH Click Restore to restore Access Point configuration from your local PC Apply Cancel Help Figure 6 2 Wireless Network Access Point e SSID The SSID is the unique name shared among all points in a wireless network The SSID must be identical for all points in the wireless network It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 alphanumeric characters which may be any keyboard character Make sure this setting is the same for all points in your wireless network e Channel Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to corre spond with your network settings between 1 and 11 in North America All points in your wireless network must use the same channel in order to func tion correctly e WEP The WEP Encryption method is set to Disable by default To enable WEP click the Mandatory radio button and then click the WEP Key S
34. his IP address must be unique to your network The default IP address is 192 168 1 251 As this is a private IP address there is no need to purchase a separate IP address from your service provider e SSID The SSID is the unique name shared among all points in a wireless network The SSID must be identical for all points in the wireless net work It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters which may be any keyboard character Make sure this setting is the same for all e Subnet Mask The Access Point s Subnet Mask must be the same as your points in your wireless network Ethernet network e Channel Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to corre spond with your network settings between 1 and 11 in North America All points in your wireless network must use the same channel in order to function correctly e AP Name You may assign any name to the Access Point Unique mem orable names are helpful especially if you are using multiple access points on the same wireless network 10 11 12 Instant Wireless Series 8 The Security Settings screen Figure 5 7 will appear next From this screen you will set the Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP encryption for your wireless network Select a WEP configuration method and a passphrase Click the Next button to continue or Back to return to the pre vious page F stat Wireless Series LA Linksys Wireless Access Point Setup Wizard ver 1 06
35. ice space Appendix D Specifications 48 and save the time hassle and expense of running cables Plus notebook PCs Environmental i can travel around your home or office and stay connected wherever they go Appendix E Warranty Information 49 You can also use the Wireless Access Point as a kind of cable less cable to _ connect remote areas together Maybe Shipping is all the way across the ware Appendix F Contact Information 50 house from Receiving Or maybe you want to set up a home office in your detached garage With a Wireless Access Point in the garage and another one or the Linksys Wireless Ethernet Bridge in the house you re connected with no cable to run For even more versatility the Wireless Access Point can act as a Repeater If you re already using one WAP11 you can extend your wireless network s range by installing a second one that bounces received data further down the line The repeating Access Point can be installed nearly anywhere because it works entirely by radio no data cable is necessary Whichever mode you use the dual antenna configuration provides antenna diversity for exceptional signal sensitivity and increased usable range To pro tect your data and privacy the Wireless Access Point can encrypt all wireless transmissions The MAC Address filter lets you decide exactly who has access to your wireless network Configuration is a snap with web browser based con figuration The Li
36. int Ww Usor Guide gt UNKsys Website a Figure 5 1 You can configure the Access Point through any PC connected to your Ethernet network Make sure the Access Point is connected to one of your network switches or hubs Click the Next button to continue or Exit to exit the Setup Wizard natant Wireless Sores Wireless Access Point Setup Wizard ver 1 06 LA Linksys j I AGHz Connecting the Wireless Access Point 246 You can configure the Wireless Access Point through any PC connected to your Ethemet Network Make sure the Wireless Access Point is connected to one of your network s switches or hubs Figure 5 2 Wireless Network Access Point 4 The next screen to appear shown in Figure 5 3 will display a list of access points on your network along with the status information for each access point If there is only one access point on your network it will be the only one displayed If there are more than one displayed select the Access Point by clicking on it and click the Yes button to continue or No to exit the Setup Wizard insiant Winners Series f Le Wireless Access Point Setup Wizard ver 1 06 C Luinxsys Congratulations One or More Wireless Access Points Have Been Foun Select the Wireless Access Point you wish 9 configure Irom tha seloctonts cn the lett AGH Intarnater regarding that Wireless Access Point wil be dsplayed to the eght I you oF p02 11b have mere than
37. its settings and its performance U LINKSYS This screen displays the AP s current status and settings This information is read only STATUS MALI MU TETE V1 06 Nov 14 2002 WE MAC Address 00 06 25 00 ea 01 IP Address 192 168 1 251 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway 0 0 0 0 Good Packets 216 Dropped Packets 0 Good Packets 16S Dropped Packets 0 MORAER MAC Address 00 06 25 00 ea 01 ES finksys EE Enable Channel 6 Good Packets 0 Send Dropped Packets 0 rev RP KE Dropped Packets 99 In wireless transmission some dropped packets occurence is normal Figure 6 9 e Firmware Version This displays the current version of the Access Point s firmware Firmware should only be upgraded if you experience problems with the Access Point and can be upgraded from the Help tab LAN e IP Address This IP address is the unique IP address of the Access Point e Subnet Mask The Access Point s Subnet Mask also known as an IP Mask matches the Subnet Mask of your Ethernet network 23 24 Instant Wireless Series e Gateway This displays the IP address of your network s Gateway e Send and Recv The Send and Recy fields display the number of success ful or dropped packets that have been sent or received Wireless e SSID The unique name shared among all points in your wireless network is displayed here e Encryption Function The encryption method you chose in the Setup Wizard or changed
38. m reading the information ESS Extended Service Set A set of more than two or more BSSs multiple access points forming a single network Ethernet IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common transmission medium Has a transfer rate of Wireless Network Access Point 10 Mbps Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper level protocols including TCP IP and XNS FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSS continuously changes the center frequency of a conventional carrier several times per second accord ing to a pseudo random set of channels while chirp spread spectrum changes the carrier frequency Because a fixed frequency is not used illegal monitoring of spread spectrum signals is extremely difficult if not downright impossible depending on the particular method Firmware Code that is written onto read only memory ROM or program mable read only memory PROM Once firmware has been written onto the ROM or PROM it is retained even when the device is turned off Fragmentation Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet Gateway A device that interconnects networks with different incompatible communications protocols Hardware Hardware is the physical aspect of computers telecommunica tions and other information technology devices The term arose as a way t
39. ming clients of the next window for listening to broadcast and multicast mes sages When the Access Point has buffered broadcast or multicast messages for associated clients it sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value Access Point Clients hear the beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast and multicast messages Basic Rates The basic rate is the minimum speed at which a wireless client is allowed to connect to the Access Point Transmission Rates The transmission rates should be set depending on the speed of your wireless network You must select 1 2 Mbps if you have older 802 11 compliant equipment on your network such as wireless adapters that support only 1 or 2 Mbps Selecting 1 2 Mbps however does NOT limit the transmission rates of faster adapters Preamble Type The preamble defines the length of the CRC block for communication between the Access Point and a roaming wireless network adapter High network traffic areas should use the shorter preamble type Select the appropriate preamble type and click the Apply button to set it All wireless points nodes on your network should use the same preamble type Authentication Type You may choose between Open System Shared Key and Both The Authentication Type default is set to Open System Shared Key is when both the sender and the recipient share a secret key All points on your network must use the same authentication type It 1s recom mended that you use the defa
40. nksys Wireless Access Point is the simple versatile way to add wireless capabilities to your network e High Speed Data Transfer Rates of up to 11Mbps e Compatible with IEEE 802 11b 2 4GHz Compliant Equipment e Supports Wireless Bridging Wireless Repeater MAC Address Filtering and Event Logging e Setup Wizard for Easy Installation e Built in Web based Utility for Easy Configuration from any Web Browser e Wireless Security with Up to 128 bit WEP Encryption Instant Wireless Series Chanter 2 Planning Your Wireless Network A wireless local area network WLAN is exactly like a regular local area net work LAN except that each computer in the WLAN uses a wireless device to connect to the network Computers in a WLAN share the same frequency channel and SSID which is an identification name for wireless devices Ad Hoc versus Infrastructure Mode Unlike wired networks wireless networks have two different modes in which they may be set up infrastructure and ad hoc An infrastructure configura tion is a WLAN and wired LAN communicating to each other through an access point An ad hoc configuration is wireless equipped computers com municating directly with each other Choosing between these two modes depends on whether or not the wireless network needs to share data or periph erals with a wired network or not If the computers on the wireless network need to be accessed by a wired network or need to share a peripheral suc
41. nt Now that you ve connected the Access Point to your wired network you are ready to begin setting it up This Setup Wizard will take you through all the steps necessary to get the Access Point connecting your wireless network to your wired network and communicating more efficiently Note While the Access Point has been designed to work correctly right out of the box setting it up on a wireless computer will require you to use the Linksys default settings These settings can then be changed through the Web based Utility 1 Insert the Setup Wizard CD into your PC s CD ROM drive Optimally your PC should be on your wired network 2 The screen in Figure 5 1 should appear on your monitor If it does not this means the autorun is not functioning Start the autorun manually by click ing the Start button selecting Run and typing D setup exe if D is your PC s CD ROM drive Click the Setup button to run the Setup Wizard Clicking the User Guide button opened this User Guide To access the Linksys website on an active Internet connection click the LINKSYS WEB button or to exit this Setup Wizard click the Exit button Instant Wireless Series LA l hik GYS instant Wireless Serias IE TEA E A a Wireless Access Point Setup Wizard ver 1 06 Welcome WAP11 2A guts Thank you for choosing the Linksys Wireless Access Point This Setup _ AB D 2 Wizard will help you install the A 7 1 Setup Wireless Access Po
42. o dis tinguish the box and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer from the program you put in it to make it do things The program came to be known as the software Hub The device that serves as the central location for attaching wires from workstations Can be passive where there is no amplification of the signals or active where the hubs are used like repeaters to provide an extension of the cable that connects to a workstation IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The IEEE describes itself as the world s largest technical professional society promoting the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences for the benefit of humanity the advancement of the profession and the well being of our members The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and international standards The organization publishes a number of journals has many local chapters and several large societies in special areas such as the IEEE Computer Society 43 44 Instant Wireless Series Infrastructure Network An infrastructure network is a group of computers or other devices each with a wireless adapter connected as an 802 11 wireless LAN In infrastructure mode the wireless devices communicate with each other and to a wired network by first going through an access point An infra structure wireless network connected to a wired network is referred to as
43. oducts you will need to enter your WEP keys manually on the non Linksys wireless products Wireless Network Access Point 9 The second Security Settings screen shown in Figure 5 8 shows the WEP key If you entered a passphrase then the Key field will display the auto matically generated WEP key If you did not enter a passphrase then enter a WEP key in the Key field Each point in your wireless network must use the same WEP key for the network to function properly Click the Next but ton to continue or Back to return to the previous page Fes fashanl Wirehiss Series U luinK xsys Wireless Access Point Setup Wizard ver 1 06 Security Optional WEP 64 or 128 bits CHARMING Esch wireless vortsaton on your network mest uso the sare WEP kay 2AGH Tha value of the koy can also be manudlly ertered using letes A through F or numbers 0 through 5 For Acvanced Users You may go io the Setup page of ho Web tased coniguratos vility for addtional WEP bey semings Figure 5 8 e Key 1 WEP keys enable you to create an encryption scheme for wire less LAN transmissions If the WEP key hasn t been automatically gen erated then manually enter a set of values Do not leave the field blank and do not enter all zeroes These are not valid key values If you are using 64 bit WEP encryption then each key must consist of exactly 10 hexadecimal characters in length If you are using 128 bit WEP encryp tion
44. ogy that links wireless network access points and nodes In such a system the user s end node undertakes a search for the best possible access to the system First 1t evaluates such factors as signal strength and qual ity as well as the message load currently being carried by each wireless net work access point and the distance of each wireless network access point to the wired backbone Based on that information the node next selects the right wireless network access point and registers its address Communications between end node and host computer can then be transmitted up and down the backbone 33 34 Instant Wireless Series As the user moves on the end node s RF transmitter regularly checks the sys tem to determine whether it is in touch with the original wireless network access point or whether it should seek a new one When a node no longer receives acknowledgment from its original wireless network access point it undertakes a new search Upon finding a new wireless network access point it then re registers and the communication process continues What is ISM band The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U S have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band Spectrum in the vicinity of 2 4 GHz in particular is being made available worldwide This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users ar
45. on by clicking the Restore button Click the Apply button to apply your changes or Cancel to cancel your changes If you require online help click the Help button 21 Instant Wireless Series The Password Tab The Password tab shown in Figure 6 8 allows you to change the Access Point s password and restore factory defaults Changing the password for the Access Point is as easy as typing the password into the AP Password field Then type it again into the second field to confirm To restore the Access Point s factory default settings click the Yes button beside Restore Factory Defaults Important Restoring the Access Points factory defaults will erase all of your settings WEP Encryption Wireless and LAN settings etc replacing them with the factory defaults Do not reset the Access Point if you want to retain these settings LWA LInKSYS For security reasons you should set a password on your AP Your password must be less than 64 characters and it cannot contain any PASSWORD Se AP Password E Sa Enter New Password Re enter To Confirm Restore C Yes No Factory Defaults Apply Cancel Help Figure 6 8 Click the Apply button to apply your changes or Cancel to cancel your changes If you require online help click the Help button Le Wireless Network Access Point The Status Tab The Status tab shown in Figure 6 9 will display current information on the Access Point
46. ound the globe What is Spread Spectrum Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique devel oped by the military for use in reliable secure mission critical communica tions systems It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability integrity and security In other words more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission but the trade off produces a signal that is in effect louder and thus easier to detect provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread spectrum signal being broadcast If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency a spread spectrum signal looks like background noise There are two main alternatives Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSS What is DSSS What is FHSS And what are their differences Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSS uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver Properly synchronized the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel To an unintended receiver FHSS appears to be short duration impulse noise Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted This bit pattern is called a chip or chipping code The longer the chip the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmis
47. peed of an activity as to sup port the coordination of separate activities CSMA CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Avoidance In local area networking this is the CSMA technique that combines slotted time divi sion multiplexing with carrier sense multiple access collision detection CSMA CD to avoid having collisions occur a second time This works best if the time allocated is short compared to packet length and if the number of sit uations is small CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection The LAN access method used in Ethernet When a device wants to gain access to the net work it checks to see 1f the network is quiet senses the carrier If it is not it waits a random amount of time before retrying If the network is quiet and two devices access the line at exactly the same time their signals collide When the collision is detected they both back off and each wait a random amount of time before retrying Database A database is a collection of data that is organized so that its con tents can easily be accessed managed and updated DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol A protocol that lets network administrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of Internet Protocol IP addresses in an organization s network Using the Internet s set of protocol TCP IP each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a unique IP address When an organization sets up its computer users with
48. r subnets The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets Switch 1 A data switch connects computing devices to host computers allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports 2 A device for making breaking or changing the connections in an electrical cir cuit TCP Transmission Control Protocol A method protocol used along with the IP Internet Protocol to send data in the form of message units datagram Wireless Network Access Point between network devices over a LAN or WAN While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data routing TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data called packets that a message is divided into for effi cient delivery over the network TCP is known as a connection oriented pro tocol due to requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of receipt to the sender of the packet resulting in transmission control TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol The basic com munication language or set of protocols for communications over a network developed specifically for the Internet TCP IP defines a suite or group of protocols and not only TCP and IP Throughput The amount of data moved successfully from one place to anoth er in a given time period Topology A network s topology is a logical characterization of how
49. ss connection between more than two wired networks as shown in Figure 6 6 select Wireless Bridge Point to MultiPoint This mode allows you to construct a network that has multiple access points bridging wirelessly To configure a Wireless Bridge Point to MultiPoint environment click Wireless Bridge Point to MultiPoint for the Access Point that will connect to multiple access points in Figure 6 6 it is the Access Point in LAN 1 No MAC address binding is needed Then for the other bridged access points click Wireless Bridge and and enter the Remote Bridge MAC Address of the Access Point set to Point to MultiPoint Note Linksys recommends bridging no more than three remote LANs in Wireless Bridge Point to MultiPoint mode Bridging addi tional remote LANs will result in a significant decrease in bandwidth Legend Wireless s USE r Figure 6 6 Wireless Repeater When set to Wireless Repeater mode the Wireless Repeater is able to talk to one remote access point within its range and retransmit its signal See Figure 6 7 Wireless Network Access Point To configure a Wireless Repeater environment click Wireless Repeater and enter the LAN MAC address of the remote access point in the Remote AP MAC Address field Hd C7 w 7 s Figure 6 7 e Backup and Restore Clicking the Backup button will store the Access Point s configuration to your PC s hard drive You can restore this informa ti
50. t Setup Wizard A OU bl Cis Wireless Access Point Setup Wizard ver 1 06 ver 1 06 IP Settings 2A GHz Basic Settings Changes Address cr Subnat Mask settings Linksys wireless procucts are made to work right out of the box Change CNARMINGED scr cy esing wrest Mate sure you wi own these settings only if necessary Changes lo these settings may disrupt 24 GHz these settings They will be needed when setting up other wireless the settings of your existing wireless network Make sure lo write these 802 11b computor on your network sebngs down PR RP Dar ae COMputers on your Network IP Setings idendly the Wireless Access Pont on your network Verily thes information and Reais Conan aneii De ocas et mead mr PEUT een Vorily this information enviar it in the appropriate field below and enter it in the appropriate Geld below ess Aa IP address musi be speciied in geder bo manage tho Wireless Access Pont from the note SSID inka Te EDERSRIAA DSR S EIS MEERN 55255 2550 You can modify these setings through your browser at a on your retwork The SSID is casa sensitive ard should later date spores lis bother to skip this section rm not exceed 32 characters CE erap 11Ang on Neat This is the channel on which your wireless network i The AP Nane is a unique name for the Wireless Access en oem Da Eee Saa K E PORECO poit Point and should be changed if you have mukipie Wireless Access Poins in your network Figure 5 5 Figure 5 6 e IP Address T
51. t so they use different channels Move the phone s base station so that it s farther away from the Access Point If there is still too much interference you may have to buy a different phone system either 900MHz or 5GHz A need to extend the range of my wireless network Set the Access Point to Wireless Repeater mode and buy a second Wireless Network Access Point WAP11 which will re transmit the first Access Point s signal Can the Access Point act as my DHCP Server No The Access Point is nothing more than a wireless hub and as such cannot be configured to handle DHCP capabilities Can run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network Consult the application s user guide to determine if it supports oper ation over a network Can play multiplayer games with other users of the wireless network Yes as long as the game supports multiple players over a LAN local area net work Refer to the game s user guide for more information What is the IEEE 802 11b standard It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks The 802 11b standard allows wireless networking hardware from different manufacturers to commu nicate provided that the hardware complies with the 802 11b standard The 802 11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11 Mbps and an oper ating frequency of 2 4GHz Wireless Ne
52. the devices on the network are connected and the distances between them The most common network devices include hubs switches routers and gateways Most large networks contain several levels of interconnection the most impor tant of which include edge connections backbone connections and wide area connections Upgrade To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version Upload To transmit a file over a network In a communications session upload means transmit download means receive UTP Unshielded twisted pair is the most common kind of copper telephone wiring Twisted pair is the ordinary copper wire that connects home and many business computers to the telephone company To reduce crosstalk or electro magnetic induction between pairs of wires two insulated copper wires are twisted around each other Each signal on twisted pair requires both wires Since some telephone sets or desktop locations require multiple connections twisted pair is sometimes installed in two or more pairs all within a single cable WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy A data privacy mechanism based on a 64 bit 128 bit or 256 bit shared key algorithm as described in the IEEE 802 11 standard 47 Instant Wireless Series Standards 802 11b 802 3 Port One 10BaseT RJ 45 Port Button 1 x Reset Button Cabling Type RJ 45 LEDs 1 x Power 1 x Activity 1 x Link Security Features MAC filtering WEP SSID Broadcast enable disable W
53. then each key must consist of exactly 26 hexadecimal characters in length Valid hexadecimal characters are 0 9 and A F 13 Instant Wireless Series 10 The next screen Figure 5 9 will allow you to review your settings If these settings are correct click the Yes button to save these settings If there are any problems with the settings click the No button to exit the Setup Wizard destaut Wireless Sarias Wireless Access Point Setup Wizard wer 1 A linksys 2A GHz Bgt iib Confirm Your Network Settings IP Address 1421641251 sao R Chanel WEF Facar reied Figure 5 9 10 At this point the configuration performed with the Setup Wizard is com plete as shown in Figure 5 10 To configure any other access points in your network you can run this Setup Wizard again Click the Exit button to exit the Setup Wizard EENE Instant Wireless Series Wireless Access Point Setup Wizard oa GHz ver 1 05 Congratulations Your Wireless Access Point has successfully been configured Figure 5 10 14 Wireless Network Access Point Chapter 6 Configuring the Wireless Network Access Point Note The Access Point is designed to function properly after using the Setup Wizard This chapter is provided solely for those who wish to perform more advanced configuration or monitoring The Access Point has been designed to be functional right out of the box with the default se
54. tible client or server operating system DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS generates a redundant bit pattern for all transmitted data This bit pattern is called a chip or chipping code Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission statistical techniques embedded in the receiver can recover the original data without the need for retransmission To an unintended receiver DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected ignored by most narrowband receivers However to an intended receiver i e another wireless LAN end point the DSSS signal is recognized as the only valid signal and interference is inherently rejected ignored DTIM Delivery Traffic Indication Message A DTIM field is a countdown field informing clients of the next window for listening to broadcast and mul ticast messages When the AP has buffered broadcast or multicast messages for associated clients it sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value AP Clients hear the beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast and multicast messages Dynamic IP Address An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client station in a TCP IP network typically by a DHCP server Network devices that serve multiple users such as servers and printers are usually assigned static IP addresses Encryption A security method that applies a specific algorithm to data in order to alter the data s appearance and prevent other devices fro
55. ttings in the Setup Wizard However if you d like to change these settings the Access Point can be configured through your web browser with the Web based Utility This chapter explains how to configure the Access Point in this manner Open your web browser and type the IP Address you entered in the Setup Wizard the default IP address is 192 168 1 251 Press the Enter key and the following screen shown in Figure 6 1 will appear Leave the User Name field blank The first time you open the Web based Utility use the default password admin You can set a new password on the Password screen shown in Figure 6 7 Connect to 197 168 1 251 Figure 6 1 The Setup Tab The first screen that appears shown in Figure 6 2 is the Setup tab This allows you to change the Access Point s general settings Change these settings as described here and click the Apply button to apply your changes or Cancel to cancel your changes If you require online help click the Help button e Firmware Version This displays the current version of the Access Point s firmware Firmware should only be upgraded if you experience problems with the Access Point and can be upgraded from the Help tab e AP Name You may assign any name to the Access Point Unique memo rable names are helpful especially if you are employing multiple access points on the same network Verify this is the name you wish to use and click the Apply button to set it 15 16
56. twork Access Point What IEEE 802 11b features are supported The product supports the following IEEE 802 11 functions e CSMA CA plus Acknowledge protocol Multi Channel Roaming e Automatic Rate Selection RTS CTS feature Fragmentation Power Management What is ad hoc mode When a wireless network is set to ad hoc mode the wireless equipped com puters are configured to communicate directly with each other The ad hoc wireless network will not communicate with any wired network What is infrastructure mode When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode the wireless network is configured to communicate with a wired network through a wireless access point What is roaming Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continu ously while moving freely throughout an area greater than that covered by a single wireless network access point Before using the roaming function the workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number as the wireless network access point of the dedicated coverage area To achieve true seamless connectivity the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions Each node and wireless network access point for example must always acknowledge receipt of each message Each node must maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually trans mitting data Achieving these functions simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technol
57. ult setting Antenna Selection This selection is for choosing which antenna transmits data By default the Diversity Antenna selection used to increase recep tion is chosen Wireless Network Access Point e SSID Broadcast For security purposes this selection can be disabled allowing only those wireless network adapters with the Access Point s SSID to communicate with the Access Point By default this selection is enabled allowing all wireless network adapters in your wireless network to commu nicate with the Access Point Important The Access Point will not be recognized by site sur vey utilities such as the Microsoft Windows XP Zero Configuration Utility if SSID Broadcast is disabled When you ve completed making any changes on this tab click the Apply but ton to save those changes or Cancel to cancel your changes For more infor mation on this tab you can click the Help button 31 Instant Wireless Series Appendix A Troubleshooting This chapter provides a list of questions and answers regarding the operation of the Access Point Read the description below to solve your problems If you can t find an answer here check the Linksys website at www linksys com Common Problems and Solutions Frequently Asked Questions 1 1 am getting interference between my 2 4GHz phone system and my wireless network There are a few steps you can take Change the channel of the phone or the Access Poin
58. untries Outdoor use may be restricted to certain frequencies and or may require a license for operation For more details contact Linksys Corporate Compliance Note Combinations of power levels and antennas resulting in a radiated power level of above 100 mW are considered as not compliant with the above mentioned directive and are not allowed for use within the European community and countries that have adopted the European R amp TTE directive 1999 5 EC and or the CEPT recommendation Rec 70 03 For more details on legal combinations of power levels and antennas contact Linksys Corporate Compliance e Linksys Group vakuuttaa taten etta Instant Wireless IEEE 802 11 PC Card tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999 5 EY direktiivin 89 336 EEC ja direktiivin 73 23 EEC oleellis ten vaatimusten ja sit koskevien n iden direktiivien muiden ehtojen mukainen e Linksys Group d clare que la carte PC Instant Wireless IEEE 802 11 est conforme aux conditions essentielles et aux dispositions relatives la directive 1999 5 EC la directive 89 336 EEC et la directive 73 23 EEC Belgique B L utilisation en ext rieur est autoris sur le canal 11 2462 MHz 12 2467 MHz et 13 2472 MHz Dans le cas d une utilisation priv e l ext rieur d un b timent au dessus d un espace public aucun enregistrement n est n cessaire pour une distance de moins de 300m Pour une distance sup rieure a 300m un enregistrement aupr s de l IBPT est requise Pour un

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